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Downloaded from
YTS.MX

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Official YIFY movies site:
YTS.MX

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Judge Leon Bazile:
ALMIGHTY GOD

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CREATED THE RACES--

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WHITE, BLACK, YELLOW,

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MALAY, AND RED--

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AND HE PLACED THEM
ON SEPARATE CONTINENTS.

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00:00:44,233 --> 00:00:48,233
AND BUT FOR THE INTERFERENCE
WITH HIS ARRANGEMENT,

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THERE WOULD BE NO CAUSE
FOR SUCH MARRIAGES.

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THE FACT THAT
HE SEPARATED THE RACES

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SHOWS THAT HE DID NOT INTEND
FOR THE RACES TO MIX.

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♪ QUIET LIGHT,
SOME STILL DAY ♪

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♪ I AM GOING HOME ♪

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♪ IT'S NOT FAR ♪

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♪ JUST CLOSE BY ♪

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♪ THROUGH AN OPEN DOOR ♪

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♪ WORK ALL DONE ♪

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♪ CARE LAID BY... ♪

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Peggy Loving:
IT WAS LOVE AT FIRST SIGHT.

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TO MARRY SOMEONE
AND THEN HAVE TO GO THROUGH

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ALL THAT THEY WENT THROUGH,
IT WAS NOTHING BUT LOVE.

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♪ MOTHER'S THERE
EXPECTING ME ♪

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♪ FATHER'S WAITING, TOO ♪

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♪ LOTS OF FACES
GATHERED THERE ♪

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♪ ALL THE FRIENDS
I KNEW. ♪

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( vocalizing )

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Peggy:
MY MOM WAS TALL AND SKINNY,

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AND THEY TEASED HER
AND CALLED HER "STRINGBEAN."

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( kids chattering )

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Peggy:
AND THEN EVENTUALLY,
HE KNOCKED OFF THE "STRING"

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AND HE CALLED HER "BEAN."

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OUCH.

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- OKAY.
- HERE YOU GO.

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OUCH.

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MY LITTLE SOCK.

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I HAVE SO MANY SOCKS.

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OUCH.

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( Sidney Loving babbling )

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WHERE'S YOUR BOOTS, PEGGY?

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- IN THE KITCHEN.
- ( clanging )

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- Donald Loving: YOU GOING
TO PITCH ON DOWN?
- Sidney: YEAH.

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Mildred Loving:
WE WERE MARRIED ON
THE 2nd DAY OF JUNE,

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AND THE POLICE CAME AFTER US
THE 14th OF JULY.

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IT WAS ABOUT 2:00 A.M.

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AND I SAW THIS LIGHT,
YOU KNOW, AND I WOKE UP

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AND THERE WAS THE POLICEMAN
STANDING BESIDE THE BED.

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AND HE TOLD US TO GET UP,
THAT WE WAS UNDER ARREST.

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THEY CAME ONE NIGHT
AND THEY KNOCKED

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A COUPLE OF TIMES--
I HEARD THEM.

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BEFORE I COULD GET UP,
YOU KNOW,

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THEY JUST BROKE THE DOOR
AND CAME ON IN.

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WHEN WE GOT UP,
THEY WERE STANDING
BESIDE THE BED

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WITH FLASHLIGHTS.

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Mildred:
THEY ASKED RICHARD

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WHO WAS THAT WOMAN
HE WAS SLEEPING WITH.

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I SAID,
"I'M HIS WIFE."

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THE SHERIFF SAID,
"NOT HERE, YOU'RE NOT."

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HE SAID,
"COME ON, LET'S GO."

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Ken Edwards:
THEY KNEW HE WAS COMING--
SHERIFF BROOKS.

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THEY HAD GOTTEN THE WORD.

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HE HAD BEEN THERE
SEVERAL TIMES IN THE DAYTIME

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AND THEY WERE NEVER HOME.

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SO HE WENT DOWN
AT 4:00 IN THE MORNING.

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THEY WERE THERE.

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Mildred:
LATER, THEY CARTED US
TO BOWLING GREEN

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AND LOCKED US UP.

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Edwards:
THAT JAIL WAS HELL.

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IT HAD 16 BUNKS IN IT,

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BUT IT WASN'T NO MOTEL.

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WHEN SHE WAS ARRESTED,

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SHE WAS PUT
IN THE SMALL CELL,
THE WOMAN'S CELL.

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THEY HAD A SINK
AND A COMMODE,

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AND YOU'D GIVE THEM
A LITTLE SOMETHING TO EAT
THROUGH THE DOOR.

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WE COULD ONLY TAKE
ONE WOMAN.

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Mildred:
ONE AFTERNOON,
THIS INMATE HAD BEEN OUT

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ON THE OUTSIDE WORKING.

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AND WHEN THE SHERIFF
BROUGHT HIM BACK IN,

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HE SAID, "I SHOULD
LET YOU GO IN HERE
WITH HER TONIGHT."

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IT SCARED ME TO DEATH.

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I MEAN, THE WAY
I FEEL ABOUT IT IS

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THERE'S JUST A FEW PEOPLE
THAT LIVES IN THIS COMMUNITY.

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THERE'S A FEW WHITE,
THERE'S A FEW COLORED,

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AND WE ALL--
AS WE GREW UP,

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AND AS THEY GREW UP,
THEY ALL HELPED ONE ANOTHER,
YOU KNOW?

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IT WAS ALL, AS I'D SAY,
MIXED TOGETHER TO START WITH,

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SO IT JUST KEPT
GOING THAT WAY.

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IT'S BEEN THAT WAY
FOR YEARS DOWN HERE.

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THERE'S A LOT OF IT DOWN HERE,
BUT WE'RE THE ONLY ONES

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WHO'VE BEEN BOTHERED
ABOUT IT.

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IT'S A LOT OF THE SAME
DOWN HERE.

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- Hope Ryden:
IS THAT RIGHT?
- YEAH. BUT SEE, IT'S JUST--

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IT'S JUST SOME PEOPLE
THAT DIDN'T LIKE US,

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THEY JUST TALKED, SEE,
AND STARTED IT ALL ROLLING.

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Ryden:
DO YOU KNOW
ANY OTHER COUPLES

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WHO ARE IN THE SAME
SITUATION NOW?

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YEAH, I KNOW SOME,
BUT I WOULDN'T LIKE
TO CALL THEIR NAMES.

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- Ryden: NO.
- ( both laugh )

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I JUST WONDERED
IF YOU DID.

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YEAH, I KNOW A FEW.

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I WONDER WHY
THEY PICKED ON YOU, THEN.

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THAT I DON'T KNOW.

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I NEVER FOUND OUT
IF SOMEBODY TALKED.

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THE LOVINGS WERE MARRIED
IN 1958 OUTSIDE OF VIRGINIA

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HERE IN THE DISTRICT
OF COLUMBIA,

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BUT THEY WERE CONVICTED
UNDER VIRGINIA LAW

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WHICH FORBIDS
ANY WHITE PERSON
AND COLORED PERSON

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FROM LEAVING THE STATE
FOR THE PURPOSE OF MARRYING
EACH OTHER

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AND WITH THE INTENTION
OF RETURNING.

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THEY WERE SENTENCED
TO A YEAR IN JAIL,

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BUT THE SENTENCES
WERE SUSPENDED

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ON CONDITION
THEY LEAVE VIRGINIA.

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THE LEGAL TERM
IS "MISCEGENATION,"

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AND THOSE WHO
SUPPORT SUCH LAWS
CLAIM THEY ARE NECESSARY

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IN ORDER TO PRESERVE
THE PURITY OF THE RACES.

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IN ALL THE FIELD
OF RACE RELATIONS,

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PROBABLY NOTHING
IS MORE SENSITIVE

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THAN THE ISSUE
OF INTERMARRIAGE.

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Mildred:
YOU KNOW, WE WENT
TO WASHINGTON TO BE MARRIED.

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I GUESS THAT'S WHY
WE WENT THERE.

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PEOPLE HAD BEEN MIXING
ALL THE TIME,

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SO I DIDN'T KNOW
ANY DIFFERENT.

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I DIDN'T KNOW THERE WAS
A LAW AGAINST IT.

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YOU KNOW,
THE WHITE AND COLORED
WENT TO SCHOOL DIFFERENT.

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THINGS LIKE THAT,
YOU KNOW.

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THEY COULDN'T GO
IN THE SAME RESTAURANTS.

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I KNEW THAT,

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BUT I DIDN'T REALIZE
HOW BAD IT WAS

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UNTIL WE GOT MARRIED.

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WE WERE UNDER
$1,000 BOND.

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AND HIS SISTER--
HIS SISTER

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GOT A BONDING COMPANY
TO GET HIM OUT.

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AND THEY TOLD
THE BONDING COMPANY

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IF THEY TRIED
TO GET ME OUT,

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THAT THEY WOULD
PUT HIM BACK IN JAIL.

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I STAYED THERE
UNTIL THURSDAY.

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THEY LET ME COME HOME,

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BUT I WAS UNDER
MY FATHER'S RESPONSIBILITY.

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I DIDN'T HAVE A BOND,
BUT HE HAD TO MAKE SURE
THAT I GOT BACK TO COURT.

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HE WENT
TO HIS PARENTS' HOME.

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I WENT TO MY PARENTS' HOME.

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Richard Loving:
THEY HAD A TRIAL.

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THEY SENTENCED US
TO ONE YEAR

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IN THE STATE PENITENTIARY.

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THEN THEY SUSPENDED US
FOR 25 YEARS

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AND SAID THAT WE HAD
TO LEAVE THE STATE.

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BUT THE WAY I UNDERSTOOD IT,
THE LAWYERS SAID

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THAT WE COULD COME BACK
TO VISIT WHEN WE WANTED TO.

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SO THAT EASTER, WE CAME BACK
AND THEY GOT US AGAIN.

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Richard:
WE LEFT THERE
AND WENT TO D.C.,

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STAYED THERE.

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Mildred:
BUT I DIDN'T WANT
TO LEAVE AWAY

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FROM AROUND
MY FAMILY AND FRIENDS.

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WHEN I WAS IN WASHINGTON,

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WELL, I JUST WANTED
TO GO BACK HOME.

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( music playing )

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Peggy:
MY DAD AND MOM LIVED

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ABOUT THREE OR FOUR MILES
FROM ONE ANOTHER.

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THEY JUST GREW UP
IN THE COMMUNITY.

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HER BROTHERS WOULD PLAY MUSIC--
THE GUITAR, THE FIDDLE.

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AND I GUESS
THAT'S HOW THEY MET.

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Mildred:
WHEN WE FIRST MET,
I DIDN'T LIKE HIM.

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I DON'T KNOW--
HE WAS ARROGANT.

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BUT I GOT TO KNOW HIM
AND HE WAS A VERY NICE PERSON.

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I GUESS WE DATED...

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ON AND OFF A COUPLE OF YEARS
BEFORE WE WERE MARRIED.

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00:11:40,533 --> 00:11:42,500
NOW THAT
THEY HAVE MARRIED,

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DO YOU SEE THEM
AS BEING HAPPY?

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00:11:44,734 --> 00:11:46,166
THEY SEEM TO BE
VERY HAPPY

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00:11:46,166 --> 00:11:49,200
EVERY TIME I SEE THEM
TOGETHER OR ANYWHERE.

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I'VE BEEN IN THE HOME;
THEY'RE HAPPY.

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AND I'VE BEEN
IN THE CAR WITH THEM;
THEY WERE HAPPY.

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THEY SEEM TO BE
VERY HAPPY.

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WELL, HAS THAT CHANGED
THE WAY YOU LOOK AT IT ANY?

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NO, I DON'T--

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I JUST LIKE THEM,
THAT'S ALL.

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I LIKE HER,
I LIKE HIM,

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HIS MOTHER,
HER MOTHER AND ALL.

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WELL, SUPPOSE WE BACKED UP
TO WHERE THEY--

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BEFORE THEY HAD GOTTEN
MARRIED AGAIN.

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WOULD YOU GIVE THEM
THE SAME ADVICE?

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00:12:13,767 --> 00:12:15,233
WHAT WOULD
YOU TELL THEM?

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00:12:15,233 --> 00:12:18,133
WELL, I DON'T KNOW
WHETHER I WOULD OR NOT.

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00:12:18,133 --> 00:12:21,700
I DON'T KNOW WHETHER
I'D TELL THEM OR NOT.

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00:12:21,700 --> 00:12:24,734
DID YOU ADVISE THEM
NOT TO GET MARRIED
AT FIRST?

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00:12:24,734 --> 00:12:27,600
NO, I DIDN'T ADVISE THEM
NOT TO GET MARRIED.

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00:12:27,600 --> 00:12:29,367
I JUST TOLD HIM
HE OUGHT TO--

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00:12:29,367 --> 00:12:32,467
TO, YOU KNOW,
NOT TO GO UP THERE.

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00:12:32,467 --> 00:12:35,567
BUT HE SAID THAT
HE WENT UP THERE
AND THEY WAS MARRIED.

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00:12:35,567 --> 00:12:38,734
AND I DIDN'T
KNOW ANYTHING ABOUT
WHEN THEY GOT MARRIED.

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00:12:38,734 --> 00:12:40,533
LIVING HERE
IN THIS COMMUNITY

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00:12:40,533 --> 00:12:44,166
WHERE RICHARD
AND MILDRED BOTH GREW UP,
RIGHT AROUND THIS AREA,

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HAS YOUR LIFE
BEEN ANY DIFFERENT

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00:12:46,133 --> 00:12:49,233
- SINCE THEY DID
GET MARRIED?
- NO. MM-MM.

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00:12:49,233 --> 00:12:53,967
WHAT IS IT LIKE
BEING THE MOTHER
OF A FELLOW WHO GROWS UP

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00:12:53,967 --> 00:12:57,166
AND KIND OF, AS WE ALL DO,
WANTS TO GO HIS OWN WAY?

196
00:12:59,033 --> 00:13:01,600
WELL, I DON'T KNOW.

197
00:13:03,266 --> 00:13:06,033
( music playing )

198
00:13:06,033 --> 00:13:08,400
( tires screeching )

199
00:13:18,600 --> 00:13:20,433
( tires screeching )

200
00:13:22,066 --> 00:13:23,800
♪ YOU WOMEN HAVE HEARD
OF JALOPIES ♪

201
00:13:23,800 --> 00:13:25,400
♪ YOU'VE HEARD
THE NOISE THEY MAKE ♪

202
00:13:25,400 --> 00:13:28,700
♪ BUT LET ME INTRODUCE
MY NEW ROCKET '88 ♪

203
00:13:28,700 --> 00:13:31,767
♪ YES, IT'S GREAT,
JUST WON'T WAIT ♪

204
00:13:31,767 --> 00:13:34,600
♪ EVERYBODY LIKES
MY ROCKET '88 ♪

205
00:13:34,600 --> 00:13:36,600
♪ BABY, WE'LL RIDE
IN STYLE ♪

206
00:13:36,600 --> 00:13:38,600
♪ MOVING ALL ALONG... ♪

207
00:13:38,600 --> 00:13:41,500
( engine revving )

208
00:13:41,500 --> 00:13:43,867
Peggy:
THEY USED TO DRAG RACE.

209
00:13:43,867 --> 00:13:45,934
AND PRETTY WELL
THAT'S WHAT THEY DID.

210
00:13:45,934 --> 00:13:48,633
HE WORKED ALL WEEK,
BUT COME SATURDAY,

211
00:13:48,633 --> 00:13:50,467
THEY WOULD GO
TO THE RACETRACK.

212
00:13:50,467 --> 00:13:53,333
THEY DECIDED
TO GET A RACE CAR.

213
00:13:53,333 --> 00:13:56,834
THE THREE GUYS,
THEY WORKED ON THE CAR

214
00:13:56,834 --> 00:13:58,500
AND GOT IT TOGETHER.

215
00:13:58,500 --> 00:14:00,300
AND, OF COURSE, THE WOMEN
JUST FOLLOWED ALONG.

216
00:14:00,300 --> 00:14:03,200
♪ V-8 AND THIS
MODERN DESIGN ♪

217
00:14:03,200 --> 00:14:06,433
♪ BLACK CONVERTIBLE TOP
AND THE GALS DON'T MIND ♪

218
00:14:06,433 --> 00:14:10,767
♪ SPORTIN' WITH ME,
RIDIN' ALL AROUND
TOWN FOR JOY ♪

219
00:14:10,767 --> 00:14:13,266
♪ BLOW YOUR HORN,
BABY, BLOW! ♪

220
00:14:13,266 --> 00:14:15,400
Raymond Green:
WE BUILT THAT CAR

221
00:14:15,400 --> 00:14:17,900
AND RAN IT
ON SEVERAL DRAG STRIPS.

222
00:14:17,900 --> 00:14:20,867
WITH THE CAR
WE HAD 99 TROPHIES--

223
00:14:20,867 --> 00:14:23,133
33 APIECE.

224
00:14:23,133 --> 00:14:28,266
WE'D WIN THE MONEY
PRACTICALLY EVERY SUNDAY.

225
00:14:28,266 --> 00:14:31,100
IF WE DIDN'T WIN THE MONEY,
WE TORE THE CAR UP

226
00:14:31,100 --> 00:14:33,100
AND HAD TO WORK ON THE CAR
THE NEXT WEEK,

227
00:14:33,100 --> 00:14:34,734
GET IT READY
FOR ANOTHER RACE.

228
00:14:34,734 --> 00:14:36,967
IT WAS A GREAT
RUNNING CAR.

229
00:14:36,967 --> 00:14:40,133
( music continues )

230
00:14:44,934 --> 00:14:49,300
Robert Pratt:
MANY LIGHT-SKINNED BLACKS
DECIDED TO HANG WITH RICHARD

231
00:14:49,300 --> 00:14:52,700
BECAUSE HIS WHITENESS
VALIDATED THEIRS.

232
00:14:52,700 --> 00:14:56,667
HIS WHITENESS ASIDE,
THOSE WHO KNEW HIM

233
00:14:56,667 --> 00:14:59,200
DESCRIBED HIM
AS A VERY WARM MAN,

234
00:14:59,200 --> 00:15:01,800
VERY AFFABLE,
VERY FRIENDLY,

235
00:15:01,800 --> 00:15:04,200
EQUALLY COMFORTABLE
IN ANY SETTING.

236
00:15:04,200 --> 00:15:06,233
WHETHER HE WAS
WITH A GROUP OF WHITE MEN

237
00:15:06,233 --> 00:15:08,533
OR WHETHER HE WAS WITH
A GROUP OF BLACK MEN,

238
00:15:08,533 --> 00:15:11,800
HE COULD BLEND AND MIX
WITH ANY PEOPLE.

239
00:15:16,400 --> 00:15:21,233
Lewis Jeter:
IN CENTRAL POINT, WE USED TO
GATHER AT ONE PLACE.

240
00:15:21,233 --> 00:15:23,500
IT WAS JUST A CURVE,
AND PEOPLE USED TO PARK THERE

241
00:15:23,500 --> 00:15:25,767
AND HAVE BEERS
AND EVERYTHING.

242
00:15:25,767 --> 00:15:27,033
RICHARD WAS ALWAYS THERE.

243
00:15:27,033 --> 00:15:29,467
HE WAS PART
OF THE NEIGHBORHOOD.

244
00:15:39,533 --> 00:15:43,867
Man:
WE JUST GREW UP
ALL AS A FAMILY TOGETHER.

245
00:15:43,867 --> 00:15:48,033
WE NEVER KNEW NOTHING
ABOUT ALL OF THIS RACIAL STUFF

246
00:15:48,033 --> 00:15:50,900
THAT THEY TALK ABOUT.

247
00:15:50,900 --> 00:15:54,834
AND IF THE--

248
00:15:54,834 --> 00:15:58,133
IF THE GOVERNMENT
HAD LEFT THEM PEOPLE ALONE,

249
00:15:58,133 --> 00:16:00,834
IT WOULD HAVE NEVER BEEN
NO PROBLEM THERE.

250
00:16:00,834 --> 00:16:02,767
THERE WAS NO DIFFERENCE
IN THEM, YOU KNOW.

251
00:16:02,767 --> 00:16:06,867
THEY WERE ALL WORKING,
TRYING TO MAKE A LIVING.

252
00:16:06,867 --> 00:16:09,233
AND JUST BECAUSE THEY DIDN'T
GO TO THE SAME CHURCH

253
00:16:09,233 --> 00:16:11,967
DIDN'T MEAN THAT
THEY WEREN'T GOOD PEOPLE.

254
00:16:15,033 --> 00:16:18,066
Ruthie Holliday:
THE FAMILIES THEN
WERE SO CLOSE.

255
00:16:18,066 --> 00:16:20,266
IF YOU HAD A CROP,
YOU HAD TO GET IT IN,

256
00:16:20,266 --> 00:16:22,934
WELL, YOU CALLED
THE NEIGHBORS
TO COME OVER.

257
00:16:22,934 --> 00:16:25,700
EVERYBODY WORKED
WITH EVERYBODY.

258
00:16:25,700 --> 00:16:30,467
BUT THAT IS JUST THE WAY
LIFE WAS IN CAROLINE COUNTY.

259
00:16:32,700 --> 00:16:34,233
I REMEMBER HEARING
THE CHILDREN

260
00:16:34,233 --> 00:16:37,633
KIND OF SNICKERING
BACK AND FORTH

261
00:16:37,633 --> 00:16:40,700
ABOUT THAT FAMILY
MISSING--

262
00:16:40,700 --> 00:16:43,967
MIXING WITH
THE BLACK A LOT.

263
00:16:43,967 --> 00:16:47,700
I USED TO THINK IT WAS SAD
BECAUSE MY MOM HAD ALWAYS

264
00:16:47,700 --> 00:16:51,467
TAUGHT US FROM BABIES,
LITTLE CHILDREN,

265
00:16:51,467 --> 00:16:53,900
IF YOU DIDN'T HAVE
ANYTHING GOOD TO SAY

266
00:16:53,900 --> 00:16:58,133
ABOUT SOMEONE, NOT TO SAY
ANYTHING AT ALL.

267
00:16:58,133 --> 00:16:59,934
THAT USED TO
REALLY BOTHER ME,

268
00:16:59,934 --> 00:17:04,700
SO I WOULD COME HOME
AND I'D ASK MY MOM QUESTIONS.

269
00:17:04,700 --> 00:17:07,934
THEY FOUND OUT THAT
MY MOTHER WAS A LOVING

270
00:17:07,934 --> 00:17:10,567
AND THEY USED TO
WORRY ME ABOUT IT.

271
00:17:10,567 --> 00:17:14,166
I WOULD ASK MOM ABOUT THAT
AND SHE WOULD SAY,

272
00:17:14,166 --> 00:17:17,367
"WELL, WE WERE ALWAYS TOLD
WE WEREN'T ANY KIN TO THEM."

273
00:17:17,367 --> 00:17:20,033
RICHARD LIVED
DOWN IN THE COMMUNITY

274
00:17:20,033 --> 00:17:23,166
WHERE MOST
OF THE INDIANS LIVED.

275
00:17:23,166 --> 00:17:26,867
I DON'T KNOW IF MILDRED HAD
ANY INDIAN IN HER OR NOT.

276
00:17:26,867 --> 00:17:29,166
POSSIBLY COULD HAVE.

277
00:17:29,166 --> 00:17:33,066
IF THEY GOT ROMANTICALLY
INVOLVED OR WHATEVER,

278
00:17:33,066 --> 00:17:36,900
THEY KEPT IT TO THEMSELVES

279
00:17:36,900 --> 00:17:40,133
BECAUSE EVERYBODY KNEW
THAT THAT WAS A NO-NO.

280
00:17:40,133 --> 00:17:42,266
THAT WAS AGAINST THE LAW.

281
00:17:42,266 --> 00:17:45,300
SO I'M NOT SAYING
IT DIDN'T HAPPEN.

282
00:17:45,300 --> 00:17:47,800
I'M SAYING THEY KEPT IT
UNDER COVER.

283
00:17:50,367 --> 00:17:52,333
Jeter:
IT WAS JUST ABOUT
EVERY WEEKEND

284
00:17:52,333 --> 00:17:54,934
SOMEONE WOULD GATHER
AND SOMEONE WOULD BRING OUT
A MUSICAL INSTRUMENT.

285
00:17:54,934 --> 00:17:57,000
THE NEXT THING YOU KNOW,
YOU HAD TWO OR THREE MORE--

286
00:17:57,000 --> 00:18:01,033
AND PEOPLE JUST DANCING
AND HAVING A GOOD TIME.

287
00:18:01,033 --> 00:18:03,734
THE SHERIFF, HE STOPPED BY
ONE SATURDAY EVENING

288
00:18:03,734 --> 00:18:06,233
AND HE WAS LOOKING
AT DRIVER'S LICENSES.

289
00:18:06,233 --> 00:18:10,066
SO SOME PEOPLE
WENT FOR WHITE

290
00:18:10,066 --> 00:18:12,100
AND SOME INDIAN,

291
00:18:12,100 --> 00:18:14,400
BUT SOME INDIANS
WENT FOR WHITE, TOO,

292
00:18:14,400 --> 00:18:16,100
ON THEIR DRIVER'S LICENSE.

293
00:18:16,100 --> 00:18:18,600
SO HE TORE
EVERYBODY'S LICENSE UP.

294
00:18:19,700 --> 00:18:21,533
AND THEN
HE PARKED TO SEE

295
00:18:21,533 --> 00:18:25,066
WHO WAS GOING TO DRIVE
THEIR CARS WITHOUT LICENSES.

296
00:18:25,066 --> 00:18:28,266
AND HE HAD THE POWER TO DO IT.
HE WAS THE SHERIFF, YOU SEE.

297
00:18:29,433 --> 00:18:34,433
GARNETT WAS
A VERY STERN, STERN MAN

298
00:18:34,433 --> 00:18:38,734
AND HE DID THINGS HIS WAY.

299
00:18:38,734 --> 00:18:43,567
HE DIDN'T GET ALONG WELL
WITH THE BLACK PEOPLE.

300
00:18:43,567 --> 00:18:46,834
HE, IN MY OPINION,

301
00:18:46,834 --> 00:18:51,433
WAS A LITTLE BIT
PREJUDICE,

302
00:18:51,433 --> 00:18:55,367
AND THE BLACKS KNEW
HE WAS THAT WAY.

303
00:18:56,967 --> 00:18:59,066
I DON'T THINK
AN ORDER CAME DOWN.

304
00:18:59,066 --> 00:19:00,934
WHEN HE FOUND OUT
WHERE THEY LIVING,

305
00:19:00,934 --> 00:19:04,300
HE WENT DOWN THERE
AT 4:00 IN THE MORNING
AND KNOCKED THE DOOR DOWN

306
00:19:04,300 --> 00:19:07,200
AND WENT IN AND GOT THEM
AND PUT THEM IN JAIL.

307
00:19:07,200 --> 00:19:10,834
THEY STAYED IN JAIL
UNTIL THE TRIAL.

308
00:19:10,834 --> 00:19:12,900
AND JUDGE BAZILE--

309
00:19:12,900 --> 00:19:17,033
THAT'S WHEN HE EVICTED THEM
OUT OF THE COUNTY.

310
00:19:20,834 --> 00:19:26,133
YOU KNOW, I LIVED BESIDE
SHERIFF BROOKS ALL MY LIFE.

311
00:19:27,900 --> 00:19:33,467
AND LET'S JUST SAY THAT
HE HAD WAYS OF DOING THINGS

312
00:19:33,467 --> 00:19:35,533
THAT I DIDN'T APPROVE OF.

313
00:19:35,533 --> 00:19:39,734
MR. LOVING,
THE COURT OF VIRGINIA

314
00:19:39,734 --> 00:19:43,367
FOUND YOU GUILTY
OF VIOLATING THEIR LAWS.

315
00:19:43,367 --> 00:19:45,900
AND WHAT DID
THEY TELL YOU
YOU HAD TO DO?

316
00:19:45,900 --> 00:19:51,600
WERE YOU SUPPOSED
TO DIVORCE OR WHAT?

317
00:19:52,934 --> 00:19:55,233
THEY SAID I HAD
TO LEAVE THE STATE.

318
00:19:57,633 --> 00:20:00,367
AND WHAT HAPPENED
AFTER THAT?

319
00:20:00,367 --> 00:20:02,500
WELL, I LEFT.

320
00:20:02,500 --> 00:20:04,300
AND TOOK YOUR WIFE
WITH YOU.

321
00:20:04,300 --> 00:20:06,100
THAT'S RIGHT.

322
00:20:06,100 --> 00:20:07,700
THAT'S THE WAY I'D FEEL
ABOUT IT AGAIN.

323
00:20:07,700 --> 00:20:10,066
IF IT'S NECESSARY,
I'LL LEAVE AGAIN AND TAKE HER.

324
00:20:10,066 --> 00:20:11,734
I'M NOT GOING
TO DIVORCE HER.

325
00:20:19,100 --> 00:20:21,233
( horns honking )

326
00:20:22,967 --> 00:20:25,200
( siren wailing )

327
00:20:32,934 --> 00:20:35,734
( whimpering )

328
00:20:38,834 --> 00:20:41,700
( chatter )

329
00:20:47,800 --> 00:20:50,767
Pratt:
D.C. WAS VERY MISERABLE.

330
00:20:50,767 --> 00:20:54,867
SHE FELT TOTALLY DIVORCED
FROM THE WORLD.

331
00:21:01,000 --> 00:21:04,300
ASIDE FROM THE FACT
THAT SHE HAD BEEN
BANISHED THERE

332
00:21:04,300 --> 00:21:07,000
AND WAS LIVING THERE
BECAUSE SOME JUDGE HAD SAID

333
00:21:07,000 --> 00:21:11,266
THAT YOU CAN'T LIVE
WITH YOUR HUSBAND IN VIRGINIA,

334
00:21:11,266 --> 00:21:15,066
SHE NEVER REALLY ADAPTED
TO CITY LIFE.

335
00:21:19,633 --> 00:21:22,867
GROWING UP IN THE COUNTRY
IN A RURAL AREA

336
00:21:22,867 --> 00:21:26,000
WHERE SHE HAD ROOM
AND HER CHILDREN HAD
ROOM TO PLAY,

337
00:21:26,000 --> 00:21:30,500
BEING IN THE CITY JUST WAS NOT
WHAT SHE WAS ACCUSTOMED TO.

338
00:21:36,767 --> 00:21:40,133
Peggy:
WE CAME HOME ONE CHRISTMAS
AND I WAS BORN.

339
00:21:40,133 --> 00:21:41,533
WE WERE HERE IN VIRGINIA.

340
00:21:41,533 --> 00:21:43,734
THEY COULD COME BACK
SEPARATE;

341
00:21:43,734 --> 00:21:45,900
THEY COULDN'T
COME BACK TOGETHER.

342
00:21:45,900 --> 00:21:49,800
BUT KNOWING THEM,
THEY PROBABLY CAME BACK
TOGETHER.

343
00:21:51,500 --> 00:21:53,333
MY DADDY WAS VERY FIRM.

344
00:21:53,333 --> 00:21:54,967
HE DIDN'T SAY MUCH,

345
00:21:54,967 --> 00:21:57,533
BUT WHEN HE PUT HIS MIND
TO SOMETHING,

346
00:21:57,533 --> 00:21:58,934
HE WAS GOING TO DO IT.

347
00:21:58,934 --> 00:22:01,633
AND WHEN THEY WANTED
TO COME BACK

348
00:22:01,633 --> 00:22:03,934
TO VIRGINIA
FOR ANY REASON,

349
00:22:03,934 --> 00:22:05,500
THEY WERE GOING
TO COME BACK TOGETHER.

350
00:22:05,500 --> 00:22:07,066
THEY'D JUST TAKE THAT CHANCE.

351
00:22:16,600 --> 00:22:18,900
ONCE THEY GOT BACK,
THEY MIGHT HAVE BEEN SHAKY

352
00:22:18,900 --> 00:22:21,967
ABOUT BEING REARRESTED.

353
00:22:23,700 --> 00:22:26,700
FRIENDS WOULD LET THEM KNOW
IF THEY HEAR ANYTHING.

354
00:22:26,700 --> 00:22:31,066
LITTLE CONVERSATIONS,
AND THEY WERE KIND OF
LIKE A WHISPER.

355
00:22:31,066 --> 00:22:32,834
"NO, WE DON'T
SUPPOSED TO BE HERE.

356
00:22:32,834 --> 00:22:35,100
WE'RE HIDING."

357
00:22:40,667 --> 00:22:44,800
Pratt:
MY GREAT UNCLE'S HOUSE--
WE CALLED IT THE BIG HOUSE,

358
00:22:44,800 --> 00:22:46,867
BUT IT WAS ACTUALLY
A BOARDINGHOUSE.

359
00:22:46,867 --> 00:22:51,400
THAT CERTAINLY MADE IT EASIER
TO SLIP IN AND OUT UNNOTICED.

360
00:22:53,266 --> 00:22:55,266
I WOULD ALWAYS KNOW
WHEN MILDRED WAS IN TOWN

361
00:22:55,266 --> 00:22:57,700
BECAUSE THE CHILDREN,
USUALLY THE OLDEST BOY SIDNEY,

362
00:22:57,700 --> 00:23:00,667
WOULD COME OVER
AND WE WOULD PLAY.

363
00:23:00,667 --> 00:23:03,066
AND I OFTEN PLAYED
WITH SIDNEY,

364
00:23:03,066 --> 00:23:04,800
JUST THE TWO OF US,

365
00:23:04,800 --> 00:23:06,767
AND SOMETIMES
THE OTHER YOUNGER SIBLINGS

366
00:23:06,767 --> 00:23:09,400
WOULD PLAY WITH US
AS WELL.

367
00:23:09,400 --> 00:23:12,266
THEN I KNEW THAT MILDRED
WAS THERE IN THE HOUSE

368
00:23:12,266 --> 00:23:14,333
VISITING
HER SISTER GARNET.

369
00:23:14,333 --> 00:23:16,500
THEN LATER ON
IN THE EVENINGS

370
00:23:16,500 --> 00:23:18,967
WE WOULD SEE
RICHARD COMING IN,

371
00:23:18,967 --> 00:23:21,533
USUALLY FROM
THE OTHER DIRECTION.

372
00:23:43,033 --> 00:23:47,100
YOU NEVER SAW HIM OUTSIDE.

373
00:23:47,100 --> 00:23:50,033
HE WAS ALWAYS
INSIDE THE HOUSE.

374
00:23:56,567 --> 00:23:59,834
( distant traffic blaring,
children playing )

375
00:24:04,633 --> 00:24:07,900
Mildred:
THE CHILDREN DIDN'T HAVE
ANYWHERE TO PLAY.

376
00:24:07,900 --> 00:24:11,467
THEY WERE, LIKE, BEING CAGED

377
00:24:11,467 --> 00:24:13,000
AND I COULDN'T STAND IT.

378
00:24:13,000 --> 00:24:14,900
I COULDN'T TAKE IT.

379
00:24:21,633 --> 00:24:23,700
MY OLDER SON
CAME BACK AND TOLD ME

380
00:24:23,700 --> 00:24:27,467
THAT DONALD HAD BEEN
HIT BY A CAR.

381
00:24:27,467 --> 00:24:28,900
I DIDN'T KNOW WHAT TO DO.

382
00:24:28,900 --> 00:24:31,000
I KNEW I HAD
TO GO TO HIM,

383
00:24:31,000 --> 00:24:34,200
BUT I DIDN'T KNOW
IF HE WERE DEAD OR--

384
00:24:34,200 --> 00:24:36,834
HE WAS SITTING UP
IN THE STREET CRYING,

385
00:24:36,834 --> 00:24:41,066
AND I THINK THAT WAS THE STRAW
THAT BROKE THE CAMEL'S BACK.

386
00:24:41,066 --> 00:24:43,500
I HAD TO GET OUT OF THERE.

387
00:24:48,000 --> 00:24:49,567
I WAS SO UNHAPPY.

388
00:24:49,567 --> 00:24:53,200
I WAS COMPLAINING
TO MY COUSIN CONSTANTLY.

389
00:24:53,200 --> 00:24:56,133
( chuckles )
SO ONE SATURDAY I GUESS
SHE GOT TIRED OF IT.

390
00:24:56,133 --> 00:24:59,400
SHE TOLD ME, SAID,
"WRITE TO BOBBY KENNEDY.

391
00:24:59,400 --> 00:25:01,700
HE'LL HELP YOU.
THAT'S WHAT HE'S UP THERE FOR."

392
00:25:01,700 --> 00:25:04,400
♪ HERE IN MY HEART... ♪

393
00:25:04,400 --> 00:25:06,900
Male newscaster:
JUST 100 YEARS AFTER
LINCOLN SIGNED

394
00:25:06,900 --> 00:25:10,066
THE EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION
THAT FREED THE SLAVES,

395
00:25:10,066 --> 00:25:12,934
200,000 PEOPLE CONVERGE
ON THE NATION'S CAPITOL

396
00:25:12,934 --> 00:25:14,800
TO RALLY FOR CIVIL RIGHTS.

397
00:25:14,800 --> 00:25:17,734
THEY COME BY TRAIN,
THEY COME BY BUS AND BY AIR.

398
00:25:17,734 --> 00:25:20,433
THEY COME FROM THE NORTH,
THE SOUTH, THE EAST AND WEST.

399
00:25:20,433 --> 00:25:22,467
THEY COME UNITED
IN ONE CAUSE:

400
00:25:22,467 --> 00:25:24,900
TO URGE CONGRESS TO PASS
A CIVIL RIGHTS BILL

401
00:25:24,900 --> 00:25:28,533
TO END FOREVER THE BLIGHT
OF RACIAL INEQUITY.

402
00:25:28,533 --> 00:25:31,700
THIS GREAT THRONG WITH A CAUSE
GATHERS ON THE...

403
00:25:31,700 --> 00:25:34,133
( music playing )

404
00:25:34,133 --> 00:25:36,734
Mildred:
I WASN'T INVOLVED WITH
THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT.

405
00:25:36,734 --> 00:25:40,333
THE ONLY THING I KNOW
IS WHAT EVERYBODY SAW
ON THE NEWS.

406
00:25:40,333 --> 00:25:42,934
I KNEW DR. KING
WAS OUT THERE,

407
00:25:42,934 --> 00:25:44,867
BUT I NEVER MET HIM.

408
00:25:44,867 --> 00:25:47,300
I WOULD HAVE LOVED TO,
BUT I DIDN'T.

409
00:25:53,200 --> 00:25:56,433
I WASN'T IN ANYTHING
CONCERNING CIVIL RIGHTS.

410
00:25:56,433 --> 00:25:57,800
I WAS--

411
00:25:57,800 --> 00:26:01,200
WELL,  WE  WERE TRYING
TO GET BACK TO VIRGINIA.

412
00:26:01,200 --> 00:26:03,300
THAT WAS OUR GOAL:

413
00:26:03,300 --> 00:26:05,433
TO GET BACK HOME.

414
00:26:05,433 --> 00:26:08,033
LOOK.

415
00:26:08,033 --> 00:26:10,033
LOOK AT HIM.

416
00:26:10,967 --> 00:26:12,800
LOOK AT THAT.

417
00:26:15,333 --> 00:26:17,967
NOW, MOMMY,
MY BOOTS.

418
00:26:24,700 --> 00:26:27,700
THEY TOLD ME
TO WEAR BOOTS TODAY.

419
00:26:27,700 --> 00:26:29,767
WHO TOLD YOU?

420
00:26:29,767 --> 00:26:33,100
ONE OF THEM WAS 12,
ONE OF THEM WAS SIX.

421
00:26:33,100 --> 00:26:36,400
Ryden:
HOW DID YOU FIND OUT
WHAT TO DO?

422
00:26:36,400 --> 00:26:39,033
SHE WROTE TO--
WHO DID YOU WRITE TO?

423
00:26:39,033 --> 00:26:41,367
Mildred:
ROBERT KENNEDY.

424
00:26:41,367 --> 00:26:43,700
Ryden:
TO ROBERT KENNEDY?

425
00:26:43,700 --> 00:26:45,934
- AND DID HE ANSWER?
- YES.

426
00:26:45,934 --> 00:26:47,400
AND HE TOLD ME TO--

427
00:26:47,400 --> 00:26:49,200
HE SAID THERE WAS
NOTHING HE COULD DO,

428
00:26:49,200 --> 00:26:55,166
BUT FOR TO WRITE TO
THE AMERICAN CIVIL
LIBERTIES UNION.

429
00:26:55,166 --> 00:26:58,567
AND I WROTE TO THEM
AND I TOLD THEM WHAT HAPPENED

430
00:26:58,567 --> 00:27:03,367
AND THAT MR. KENNEDY
ASKED ME TO WRITE TO THEM.

431
00:27:03,367 --> 00:27:07,300
I GUESS IT WAS ABOUT A WEEK,
AND MR. COHEN CALLED ME

432
00:27:07,300 --> 00:27:10,367
AND HE TOLD ME
THAT HE WAS GOING
TO TAKE THE CASE.

433
00:27:10,367 --> 00:27:14,033
WELL, WHEN MR.
AND MRS. LOVING

434
00:27:14,033 --> 00:27:15,867
WERE HAVING
THEIR PROBLEMS,

435
00:27:15,867 --> 00:27:18,166
THEY WROTE TO
THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
OF THE UNITED STATES,

436
00:27:18,166 --> 00:27:19,934
WHO WAS THEN
ROBERT KENNEDY,

437
00:27:19,934 --> 00:27:22,100
AND ASKED IF
THE CIVIL RIGHTS BILLS

438
00:27:22,100 --> 00:27:24,633
THAT WERE BEING DISCUSSED
IN CONGRESS AT THAT TIME--

439
00:27:24,633 --> 00:27:27,533
LET'S SEE, I GUESS
IT WAS 1963--

440
00:27:27,533 --> 00:27:30,967
WOULD GIVE THEM ANY RELIEF
FROM THEIR PROBLEM.

441
00:27:30,967 --> 00:27:33,467
AND HE WROTE BACK
AND TOLD THEM THAT
IT WOULD NOT,

442
00:27:33,467 --> 00:27:35,000
BUT SUGGESTED THAT
THEY GET IN TOUCH

443
00:27:35,000 --> 00:27:36,600
WITH THE AMERICAN
CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION.

444
00:27:36,600 --> 00:27:38,233
HERE'S THE DATE,
SO WE CAN BE SURE.

445
00:27:38,233 --> 00:27:40,834
THAT WAS JUNE 20th, 1963,
AND THEY WERE LIVING

446
00:27:40,834 --> 00:27:42,934
IN WASHINGTON, D.C.,
AT THE TIME.

447
00:27:42,934 --> 00:27:46,300
"DEAR SIR, I AM WRITING TO YOU
CONCERNING A PROBLEM WE HAVE.

448
00:27:46,300 --> 00:27:48,000
FIVE YEARS AGO,
MY HUSBAND AND I

449
00:27:48,000 --> 00:27:50,000
WERE MARRIED HERE
IN THE DISTRICT.

450
00:27:50,000 --> 00:27:52,467
WE THEN RETURNED
TO VIRGINIA TO LIVE.

451
00:27:52,467 --> 00:27:53,800
MY HUSBAND IS WHITE.

452
00:27:53,800 --> 00:27:56,233
I AM PART NEGRO
AND PART INDIAN.

453
00:27:56,233 --> 00:27:59,066
AT THE TIME, WE DID NOT KNOW
THERE WAS A LAW IN VIRGINIA

454
00:27:59,066 --> 00:28:00,600
AGAINST MIXED MARRIAGES.

455
00:28:00,600 --> 00:28:02,200
THEREFORE,
WE WERE JAILED

456
00:28:02,200 --> 00:28:05,300
AND TRIED IN THE LITTLE TOWN
OF BOWLING GREEN.

457
00:28:05,300 --> 00:28:09,266
WE WERE TO LEAVE THE STATE
TO MAKE OUR HOME.

458
00:28:09,266 --> 00:28:12,233
WE HAVE THREE CHILDREN
AND CANNOT AFFORD AN ATTORNEY.

459
00:28:12,233 --> 00:28:13,633
WE WROTE TO
THE ATTORNEY GENERAL.

460
00:28:13,633 --> 00:28:16,800
HE SUGGESTED
THAT WE GET IN TOUCH
WITH YOU FOR ADVICE.

461
00:28:16,800 --> 00:28:18,266
PLEASE HELP US IF YOU CAN.

462
00:28:18,266 --> 00:28:19,900
HOPE TO HEAR FROM YOU
REAL SOON.

463
00:28:19,900 --> 00:28:22,800
YOURS TRULY,
MR. AND MRS. RICHARD LOVING."

464
00:28:22,800 --> 00:28:24,700
AND IT WAS
THAT SIMPLE LETTER

465
00:28:24,700 --> 00:28:27,266
THAT GOT US INTO
THIS NOT-SO-SIMPLE CASE.

466
00:28:27,266 --> 00:28:29,633
I FEEL THAT GOD
HAD A PURPOSE

467
00:28:29,633 --> 00:28:32,333
IN CREATING
THE RACES SEPARATELY.

468
00:28:32,333 --> 00:28:36,133
I AM SO PROUD OF NEGROES
WHO ARE PROUD OF BEING NEGROES.

469
00:28:36,133 --> 00:28:38,000
THEY ARE WHAT GOD MADE THEM.

470
00:28:38,000 --> 00:28:39,600
AND I'M PROUD
OF BEING WHITE

471
00:28:39,600 --> 00:28:43,533
BECAUSE I AM WHAT
MY WHITE RACE HAS MADE ME.

472
00:28:43,533 --> 00:28:47,967
I'M WHITE TODAY
BECAUSE MY PARENTS
PRACTICED SEGREGATION.

473
00:28:47,967 --> 00:28:50,000
AND I WOULDN'T BE
ANYTHING BUT WHITE,

474
00:28:50,000 --> 00:28:53,533
AND I LOVE NEGROES
WHO WOULDN'T BE ANYTHING
BUT NEGRO.

475
00:28:53,533 --> 00:28:55,700
( music playing )

476
00:28:57,033 --> 00:29:00,033
( no audible dialogue )

477
00:29:08,333 --> 00:29:12,900
Pratt:
BEGINNING IN THE LATE 1800s,

478
00:29:12,900 --> 00:29:15,600
AFTER EMANCIPATION

479
00:29:15,600 --> 00:29:17,300
DURING
THE RECONSTRUCTION ERA,

480
00:29:17,300 --> 00:29:19,867
ONE SOUTHERN STATE
AFTER ANOTHER

481
00:29:19,867 --> 00:29:22,300
GO TO GREAT LENGTHS
TO SPECIFY

482
00:29:22,300 --> 00:29:25,033
WHO IS WHITE
AND WHO IS NOT.

483
00:29:25,033 --> 00:29:29,767
THIS BEGINS THE PROCESS
OF RACIAL CLASSIFICATION.

484
00:29:30,834 --> 00:29:33,633
ON INTO THE 20th CENTURY,

485
00:29:33,633 --> 00:29:36,567
SOUTHERN STATES
BEGAN TO TIGHTEN THAT RULE

486
00:29:36,567 --> 00:29:40,834
SO THAT THEY MADE
MEMBERSHIP IN THE WHITE RACE
MORE EXCLUSIVE,

487
00:29:40,834 --> 00:29:44,567
AND THIS BRINGS US
TO THE RACIAL INTEGRITY ACT

488
00:29:44,567 --> 00:29:46,800
PASSED IN THE STATE
OF VIRGINIA IN 1924.

489
00:29:46,800 --> 00:29:51,967
THE RULE WAS THAT IF THERE
WAS A DISCERNIBLE TRACE

490
00:29:51,967 --> 00:29:53,867
OF NONWHITE BLOOD,

491
00:29:53,867 --> 00:29:58,767
THEN THE PERSON
WAS LEGALLY CLASSIFIED
AS NONWHITE,

492
00:29:58,767 --> 00:30:03,467
THAT IN ORDER TO BE WHITE,
ONE HAD TO BE 99.9% PURE.

493
00:30:03,467 --> 00:30:07,166
WHAT VIRGINIA REFERRED TO
AS A RACIAL INTEGRITY ACT

494
00:30:07,166 --> 00:30:10,834
WAS MORE ACCURATELY
THE WHITE SUPREMACY ACT.

495
00:30:13,967 --> 00:30:16,600
Edward Ayers:
BEING WHITE MEANT
A LOT MORE THAN SKIN COLOR.

496
00:30:16,600 --> 00:30:18,934
BEING WHITE MEANT BEING
THE INHERITOR

497
00:30:18,934 --> 00:30:20,367
OF THE GREEKS
AND THE ROMANS

498
00:30:20,367 --> 00:30:22,900
AND OF THOMAS JEFFERSON
AND JAMES MADISON

499
00:30:22,900 --> 00:30:24,300
AND GEORGE WASHINGTON.

500
00:30:24,300 --> 00:30:27,900
BEING WHITE MEANT BEING
THE PEOPLE WHO, BY GOD'S WILL,

501
00:30:27,900 --> 00:30:31,166
SEEMED TO BE IN CHARGE
NOT ONLY OF VIRGINIA,

502
00:30:31,166 --> 00:30:34,467
NOT ONLY OF AMERICA,
BUT OF THE WORLD.

503
00:30:36,266 --> 00:30:39,266
IT'S HARDLY SURPRISING
THAT PEOPLE WOULD WANT
TO PROTECT THAT

504
00:30:39,266 --> 00:30:41,533
AND THAT PEOPLE WOULD
TURN IT INTO A FETISH

505
00:30:41,533 --> 00:30:45,800
AND THAT PEOPLE WOULD ASSUME
THAT THAT MUST BE GUARDED

506
00:30:45,800 --> 00:30:49,433
WITH LAW AND VIOLENCE
IF NECESSARY.

507
00:30:51,166 --> 00:30:54,133
ALL A MAN
WOULD HAVE TO DO

508
00:30:54,133 --> 00:30:57,367
WOULD GO TO PUERTO RICO
OR CUBA AND SEE.

509
00:30:57,367 --> 00:30:58,834
GO TO SOUTH AMERICA.

510
00:30:58,834 --> 00:31:02,100
YOU'LL SEE WHAT MIXING
OF THE RACES WILL DO.

511
00:31:02,100 --> 00:31:04,433
ALL YOU HAVE TO DO
IS GO DOWN THERE

512
00:31:04,433 --> 00:31:06,633
WHERE THERE
IS NO COLOR LINE,

513
00:31:06,633 --> 00:31:09,867
WHERE EVERYBODY ARE MONGRELS
AND HALF-BREEDS.

514
00:31:09,867 --> 00:31:12,667
AS LONG AS GOD
LETS ME LIVE,

515
00:31:12,667 --> 00:31:16,133
MY TWO CHILDREN
WILL NEVER SIT BESIDE A--

516
00:31:16,133 --> 00:31:20,033
EXCUSE ME, A NIGGER
IN A PUBLIC SCHOOL.

517
00:31:20,033 --> 00:31:21,667
IT'LL NEVER HAPPEN.

518
00:31:22,734 --> 00:31:27,400
OUR PEOPLE FEEL
AND ARE CONVINCED

519
00:31:27,400 --> 00:31:32,867
FROM EVIDENCE EXISTING
IN ABUNDANCE,

520
00:31:32,867 --> 00:31:35,500
PRINCIPALLY FROM
THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA,

521
00:31:35,500 --> 00:31:40,100
THAT THE MIXING OF THE RACES
WILL DESTROY PUBLIC EDUCATION.

522
00:31:40,100 --> 00:31:42,633
EXCUSE ME, I'D LIKE
VERY MUCH TO TALK TO YOU

523
00:31:42,633 --> 00:31:45,800
ABOUT SOME OF YOUR REACTIONS
TO THIS EDUCATIONAL PROBLEM

524
00:31:45,800 --> 00:31:47,200
HERE IN THIS COUNTY.

525
00:31:47,200 --> 00:31:49,000
SHUT THE DOOR
AND MAYBE WE WILL.

526
00:31:49,000 --> 00:31:50,667
I DON'T WANT
TO TALK TO THEM.

527
00:31:50,667 --> 00:31:53,333
COULD YOU SHUT
THE DOOR, PLEASE?

528
00:31:53,333 --> 00:31:56,033
I NOTICED YOU WERE SITTING
IN THE MEETING THIS MORNING.

529
00:31:56,033 --> 00:31:58,433
I WONDER WHAT
YOUR REACTIONS WERE
AND WHY YOU CAME.

530
00:31:58,433 --> 00:32:01,533
- I WAS INVITED TO COME.
- BY WHOM?

531
00:32:01,533 --> 00:32:04,467
A LADY FRIEND OF MINE
WHO IS IN THE BUILDING HERE,

532
00:32:04,467 --> 00:32:08,266
BY ONE OF THE SUPERVISORS,
THAT'S ALL.

533
00:32:08,266 --> 00:32:10,867
AND WHAT DO YOU FEEL
ABOUT THIS WHOLE SITUATION?

534
00:32:10,867 --> 00:32:13,834
- YOU GIVE IT. YOU DO IT.
- I'LL TAKE YOUR WORD.

535
00:32:13,834 --> 00:32:16,934
YEAH, I THINK THAT
WE ARE VERY SATISFIED

536
00:32:16,934 --> 00:32:19,934
WITH THE CONDITIONS
AS THEY ALL ARE NOW

537
00:32:19,934 --> 00:32:22,200
AND WE DON'T WANT
A LOT OF CHANGE.

538
00:32:22,200 --> 00:32:24,667
WE LIKE TO KEEP IT
AS IT IS.

539
00:32:24,667 --> 00:32:28,100
LET EACH PERSON STAY

540
00:32:28,100 --> 00:32:30,100
ON THEIR OWN SIDE
OF THE FENCE.

541
00:32:30,100 --> 00:32:32,867
YOU WOULDN'T BE
FOR DESEGREGATION
AT ALL, THEN, WOULD YOU?

542
00:32:32,867 --> 00:32:36,667
NO. I THINK SEGREGATION
IS THE PROPER THING.

543
00:32:36,667 --> 00:32:38,800
WHAT ABOUT THIS BUSINESS
THAT A LOT OF PEOPLE SAY

544
00:32:38,800 --> 00:32:40,533
ABOUT BEING
CREATED EQUAL?

545
00:32:40,533 --> 00:32:42,533
WHAT'S YOUR FEELINGS
ABOUT THAT?

546
00:32:42,533 --> 00:32:43,967
I DON'T THINK
THEY ARE.

547
00:32:43,967 --> 00:32:46,567
SOME OF MY BEST FRIENDS
ARE NEGROES.

548
00:32:46,567 --> 00:32:50,266
IF I GOT INTO TROUBLE,
I THINK THE NEGROES

549
00:32:50,266 --> 00:32:54,200
WOULD COME TO ME AS QUICKLY
AS ANYBODY ELSE IN THE WORLD.

550
00:32:54,200 --> 00:32:55,867
I'LL GIVE YOU
A LITTLE INSTANCE.

551
00:32:55,867 --> 00:32:57,900
I WAS STANDING
DOWN ON THE STREET

552
00:32:57,900 --> 00:33:01,233
WITH A GENTLEMAN
FROM ANOTHER CITY
LAST SATURDAY,

553
00:33:01,233 --> 00:33:05,000
AND I RECKON
15 OR 20 NEGROES PASSED
AND I SPOKE TO THEM.

554
00:33:05,000 --> 00:33:06,967
"GOOD MORNING, JOHN.
HOW ARE YOU GETTING ALONG?"

555
00:33:06,967 --> 00:33:09,600
"VERY WELL,
THANK YOU, MR. WALL.
GETTING ALONG FINE."

556
00:33:09,600 --> 00:33:13,133
AND THAT WENT ON
FOR 15 OR 20 NEGROES

557
00:33:13,133 --> 00:33:15,633
IN LESS THAN 15 MINUTES.

558
00:33:15,633 --> 00:33:19,133
WE-- WE LOVE OUR PEOPLE.

559
00:33:19,133 --> 00:33:22,400
THE LAWS ARE SIMPLY
RELICS OF SLAVERY,

560
00:33:22,400 --> 00:33:23,734
AND THEY'RE
MAINTAINED TO KEEP

561
00:33:23,734 --> 00:33:25,834
THE COLORED PERSON DOWN
AND THE WHITE PERSON UP,

562
00:33:25,834 --> 00:33:27,433
AND THAT'S THE SIMPLE
TRUTH OF THE CASE.

563
00:33:27,433 --> 00:33:30,567
I THINK THAT IF YOU TALK
TO THE AVERAGE MAN
ON THE STREET,

564
00:33:30,567 --> 00:33:32,633
HE WOULD TELL YOU
THAT MARRIAGE

565
00:33:32,633 --> 00:33:34,633
IS A FUNDAMENTAL
RIGHT OF MAN.

566
00:33:34,633 --> 00:33:37,533
THIS IS MY PERSONAL OPINION.

567
00:33:37,533 --> 00:33:42,033
I THINK THAT THE PROBLEM
GOES BACK INTO YOUR
BASIC BELIEFS.

568
00:33:42,033 --> 00:33:44,066
AND I THINK THAT
THE BASIC THING

569
00:33:44,066 --> 00:33:46,600
THAT THE PEOPLE OF THE SOUTH
ARE THINKING ABOUT

570
00:33:46,600 --> 00:33:49,000
IS INTERMIXTURE
OF THE RACES.

571
00:33:49,000 --> 00:33:52,734
I DON'T SEE HOW YOU CAN KEEP
INTERMIXTURE OF THE RACES

572
00:33:52,734 --> 00:33:54,800
IF YOU HAVE INTEGRATION.

573
00:33:54,800 --> 00:33:56,900
I'M NOT SAYING THAT
IT WOULD HAPPEN IMMEDIATELY,

574
00:33:56,900 --> 00:34:00,800
BUT I SAY THAT SOME
OF THE LOWER-CLASS
WHITE PEOPLE

575
00:34:00,800 --> 00:34:03,500
WOULD PROBABLY MARRY

576
00:34:03,500 --> 00:34:05,767
WITH SOME OF YOUR
BETTER NEGROES PERHAPS

577
00:34:05,767 --> 00:34:07,600
OR SOME OF YOUR
LOWER NEGROES.

578
00:34:07,600 --> 00:34:09,400
THAT WOULD,
IN TIME, COME FORTH--

579
00:34:09,400 --> 00:34:12,233
ONE OF THOSE WHO WOULD
MARRY WITH SOME OF YOUR
BETTER-CLASS WHITE PEOPLE,

580
00:34:12,233 --> 00:34:16,700
YOUR FARMERS AROUND HERE,
YOUR PEOPLE WHO OWN
THEIR OWN FARMS.

581
00:34:16,700 --> 00:34:19,767
AND THE FIRST THING YOU KNOW,
WE WOULD BE A MONGREL RACE.

582
00:34:19,767 --> 00:34:22,600
( music playing )

583
00:34:26,734 --> 00:34:28,500
Ayers:
SEGREGATION FROM
THE VERY BEGINNING

584
00:34:28,500 --> 00:34:30,133
WAS FUNDAMENTALLY
ABOUT SEX.

585
00:34:30,133 --> 00:34:33,433
IT WAS DESIGNED
TO PREVENT MEN AND WOMEN

586
00:34:33,433 --> 00:34:35,600
OF DIFFERENT RACES,
BLACK AND WHITE,

587
00:34:35,600 --> 00:34:37,767
FROM OCCUPYING
THE SAME SPACES

588
00:34:37,767 --> 00:34:39,300
IN WHICH THEY MIGHT
BE TEMPTED.

589
00:34:39,300 --> 00:34:41,333
AND SO, THE MORE INTIMATE
A SPACE WAS--

590
00:34:41,333 --> 00:34:43,767
A RAILROAD CAR,
A PARLOR,

591
00:34:43,767 --> 00:34:46,266
A RESTAURANT,
A SCHOOLROOM,

592
00:34:46,266 --> 00:34:48,934
THE MORE LIKELY IT WAS
TO BE SEGREGATED.

593
00:34:48,934 --> 00:34:51,133
IRONICALLY,
THE LOVING CASE,

594
00:34:51,133 --> 00:34:53,333
BEING ABOUT LOVE
AND BEING ABOUT SEX,

595
00:34:53,333 --> 00:34:57,233
IS ACTUALLY WHAT SEGREGATION
WAS ABOUT ALL ALONG.

596
00:34:58,567 --> 00:35:01,500
CHALLENGING
THE ANTIMISCEGENATION LAWS

597
00:35:01,500 --> 00:35:06,567
WAS THE MOST SERIOUS THREAT
TO THE WHITE RACISTS

598
00:35:06,567 --> 00:35:09,200
AND EVEN THOSE WHITES
WHO WERE NOT RACIST

599
00:35:09,200 --> 00:35:11,967
BUT WERE
VERY PRO-ESTABLISHMENT.

600
00:35:11,967 --> 00:35:16,166
I LOOKED AT IT
AS AN UNBELIEVABLE CHALLENGE

601
00:35:16,166 --> 00:35:19,834
FOR A LAWYER ONE OR TWO YEARS
OUT OF LAW SCHOOL

602
00:35:19,834 --> 00:35:22,133
TO BE GETTING INVOLVED IN

603
00:35:22,133 --> 00:35:25,867
WHAT WAS SURE TO BE
A MAJOR CIVIL RIGHTS CASE.

604
00:35:29,600 --> 00:35:32,033
WE WERE VERY CAUTIOUS
AT THAT TIME

605
00:35:32,033 --> 00:35:34,467
AND VERY AFRAID TO HAVE THEM
COME INTO VIRGINIA,

606
00:35:34,467 --> 00:35:36,300
SO I MET WITH THEM
AT MY OFFICE

607
00:35:36,300 --> 00:35:38,066
IN THE DISTRICT
OF COLUMBIA.

608
00:35:38,066 --> 00:35:41,633
OUR BIG PROBLEM
AT THAT TIME,

609
00:35:41,633 --> 00:35:45,166
REALLY BIG LEGAL PROBLEM,
WAS HOW TO TAKE A CASE

610
00:35:45,166 --> 00:35:46,934
THAT WAS MORE THAN
FIVE YEARS OLD

611
00:35:46,934 --> 00:35:49,033
WHICH HAD A JUDGMENT
MORE THAN FIVE YEARS OLD--

612
00:35:49,033 --> 00:35:50,467
A JUDGMENT OF CONVICTION--

613
00:35:50,467 --> 00:35:53,533
AND GET IT BACK INTO
THE STREAM OF THE COURTS.

614
00:35:53,533 --> 00:35:56,500
THAT IS,
APPEAL THE JUDGMENT
OF CONVICTION

615
00:35:56,500 --> 00:35:58,600
WHEN IT WAS MORE THAN
FIVE DAYS OLD UNDER VIRGINIA--

616
00:35:58,600 --> 00:36:01,767
I BEG YOUR PARDON,
FIVE YEARS OLD UNDER
VIRGINIA LAW.

617
00:36:01,767 --> 00:36:05,533
ANY JUDGMENT
MORE THAN 60 DAYS OLD
CAN'T BE APPEALED.

618
00:36:05,533 --> 00:36:09,100
WE HAD THIS VERY BIG
TECHNICAL PROBLEM TO OVERCOME,

619
00:36:09,100 --> 00:36:11,467
AND IT WAS MONTHS AND MONTHS
OF RESEARCH INVOLVED

620
00:36:11,467 --> 00:36:14,934
UNTIL WE FOUND A SIMPLE,
TECHNICAL WAY OF DOING IT.

621
00:36:14,934 --> 00:36:16,467
IT SEEMED SIMPLE
ONCE WE FOUND IT,

622
00:36:16,467 --> 00:36:19,300
BUT IT WAS ACTUALLY
THE DIFFICULT PART

623
00:36:19,300 --> 00:36:21,934
OF THE CASE
IN THE BEGINNING.

624
00:36:21,934 --> 00:36:25,100
SINCE THEIR SENTENCE
WAS A SUSPENDED SENTENCE,

625
00:36:25,100 --> 00:36:27,600
WE FOUND LAW THAT SAID
THAT THE JUDGE

626
00:36:27,600 --> 00:36:30,367
OF THE ORIGINAL TRIAL COURT,
JUDGE LEON BAZILE,

627
00:36:30,367 --> 00:36:32,000
WHO HAD SENTENCED THEM
IN THE FIRST PLACE,

628
00:36:32,000 --> 00:36:35,667
STILL HAS JURISDICTION--
STILL HAD  JURISDICTION
OVER THE CASE.

629
00:36:35,667 --> 00:36:37,767
THAT IS,
ANY SUSPENDED SENTENCE

630
00:36:37,767 --> 00:36:40,734
IS ALWAYS WITHIN THE BREAST
OF THE COURT THAT SUSPENDED IT.

631
00:36:40,734 --> 00:36:42,767
SO WE FILED A MOTION.

632
00:36:42,767 --> 00:36:44,400
THAT IS,
I FILED A MOTION

633
00:36:44,400 --> 00:36:48,100
TO VACATE THE JUDGMENT
OF CONVICTION

634
00:36:48,100 --> 00:36:49,734
AND TO SET ASIDE
THE SENTENCE.

635
00:36:49,734 --> 00:36:53,066
THE EXTREME DANGER WAS THAT
IF THE CASE WAS REOPENED,

636
00:36:53,066 --> 00:36:55,333
THEY COULD HAVE BEEN
PUT IN JAIL FOR FIVE YEARS.

637
00:36:55,333 --> 00:36:57,166
IF YOU VACATE
THE SENTENCE--

638
00:36:57,166 --> 00:37:00,166
AND THEN THERE'S
A GOOD POSSIBILITY

639
00:37:00,166 --> 00:37:02,000
YOU CAN NEVER REACH
THE CONSTITUTIONAL ISSUES

640
00:37:02,000 --> 00:37:05,867
BECAUSE THEY PLED GUILTY
AND THEY WAIVED THOSE ISSUES.

641
00:37:05,867 --> 00:37:08,600
JUDGE BAZILE
FINALLY ISSUED AN ORDER

642
00:37:08,600 --> 00:37:11,834
DENYING MY MOTION
TO VACATE THE JUDGMENT

643
00:37:11,834 --> 00:37:13,433
AND SET ASIDE
THE SENTENCE.

644
00:37:13,433 --> 00:37:15,100
JUDGE BAZILE,
IN HIS OPINION,

645
00:37:15,100 --> 00:37:16,433
HAD THE FOLLOWING
THING TO SAY:

646
00:37:16,433 --> 00:37:19,266
"ALMIGHTY GOD
CREATED THE RACES--

647
00:37:19,266 --> 00:37:21,533
WHITE, BLACK, YELLOW,
MALAY, AND RED,

648
00:37:21,533 --> 00:37:23,934
AND HE PLACED THEM
ON SEPARATE CONTINENTS.

649
00:37:23,934 --> 00:37:26,033
AND BUT FOR THE INTERFERENCE
WITH HIS ARRANGEMENTS,

650
00:37:26,033 --> 00:37:27,834
THERE WOULD BE NO CAUSE
FOR SUCH MARRIAGES.

651
00:37:27,834 --> 00:37:30,200
THE FACT THAT
HE SEPARATED THE RACES

652
00:37:30,200 --> 00:37:32,767
SHOWS THAT HE DID NOT INTEND
THE RACES TO MIX."

653
00:37:32,767 --> 00:37:34,400
THE LAWS ARE LUDICROUS.
THEY'RE JUST--

654
00:37:34,400 --> 00:37:37,967
NOW THIS IS A 20th-CENTURY
OPINION WRITTEN IN 1963.

655
00:37:37,967 --> 00:37:41,900
THIS IS NOT 1863, 1763,
OR EVEN EARLY 1900s.

656
00:37:41,900 --> 00:37:43,633
THIS IS 1963.

657
00:37:43,633 --> 00:37:46,300
WHEN JUDGE BAZILE
RENDERED HIS OPINION,

658
00:37:46,300 --> 00:37:48,133
HE COULDN'T HAVE DONE US
A BIGGER FAVOR

659
00:37:48,133 --> 00:37:50,200
THAN THAT HORRIBLE LANGUAGE
ABOUT THE RACES

660
00:37:50,200 --> 00:37:52,000
ON THE SEPARATE CONTINENTS.

661
00:37:52,000 --> 00:37:54,467
THE FEDERAL COURT WILL GIVE
THE STATE COURTS

662
00:37:54,467 --> 00:37:57,066
THE FIRST CHANCE
TO INTERPRET THEIR OWN LAWS,

663
00:37:57,066 --> 00:37:59,500
AND THAT'S HOW THE TWO COURTS
CAN GET ALONG WITH EACH OTHER

664
00:37:59,500 --> 00:38:03,700
AND EXIST IN THIS JOINT
FEDERAL STATE SOCIETY.

665
00:38:17,066 --> 00:38:19,734
- Man: YOU WANT
TO SET UP THE SOUND?
- Man

666
00:38:19,734 --> 00:38:22,400
- THE CAMERA'S BACK THERE.
- OUR CAMERA IS DOWN HERE.

667
00:38:22,400 --> 00:38:26,000
AND IF YOU'LL JUST--
IT ISN'T SET UP YET.

668
00:38:30,100 --> 00:38:33,000
- Man: WHO'S THAT?
- Man
OF THE KU KLUX KLAN.

669
00:38:33,000 --> 00:38:35,033
( laughter )

670
00:38:39,166 --> 00:38:40,834
MRS. LOVING,
HOW DO YOU FEEL

671
00:38:40,834 --> 00:38:43,400
ABOUT WHAT HAPPENED
HERE AT COURT TODAY?

672
00:38:43,400 --> 00:38:46,633
WELL, I FEEL HOPEFUL.
I'M HOPEFUL.

673
00:38:46,633 --> 00:38:49,834
I HOPE THE JUDGES
WILL DECIDE FOR US.

674
00:38:50,867 --> 00:38:53,266
WHERE ARE YOU
GOING NOW?

675
00:38:54,533 --> 00:38:57,033
I GUESS WE'LL GO
BACK TO WASHINGTON.

676
00:38:57,033 --> 00:38:58,967
YOU THINK YOU MAY
GO BACK TO WASHINGTON?

677
00:38:58,967 --> 00:39:00,667
MR. LOVING, DO YOU
HAVE ANYTHING TO SAY

678
00:39:00,667 --> 00:39:02,400
ABOUT WHAT WENT ON
IN THE COURT TODAY?

679
00:39:02,400 --> 00:39:05,233
NO, I HAVE
NOTHING TO SAY.

680
00:39:05,233 --> 00:39:06,800
- Reporter: THANK YOU.
- THANK YOU.

681
00:39:06,800 --> 00:39:09,233
THANK YOU VERY MUCH.

682
00:39:09,233 --> 00:39:12,133
I WANT TO--
CUT, TOMMY.

683
00:39:12,133 --> 00:39:16,166
I WANT TO ASK YOU...

684
00:39:16,166 --> 00:39:17,734
WHAT HAPPENED IN COURT

685
00:39:17,734 --> 00:39:20,100
AND WHERE YOU THINK
IT'LL GO FROM HERE.

686
00:39:20,100 --> 00:39:23,467
- Cohen: WHY DON'T I ASK HER
TO ASK YOU THAT?
- ALL RIGHT.

687
00:39:23,467 --> 00:39:26,333
Cohen:
THEY'RE VERY UPSET.

688
00:39:35,200 --> 00:39:37,834
MR. COHEN,
COULD YOU EXPLAIN TO ME
WHAT JUST WENT ON--

689
00:39:37,834 --> 00:39:40,834
WHAT WENT ON IN THE COURT--
LET'S TRY THAT AGAIN.

690
00:39:42,633 --> 00:39:44,100
MR. COHEN, COULD YOU
EXPLAIN TO ME

691
00:39:44,100 --> 00:39:46,633
JUST WHAT WENT ON
IN THE COURTROOM TODAY?

692
00:39:46,633 --> 00:39:50,066
YES. WE HAD A HEARING
IN THE LOVING CASE

693
00:39:50,066 --> 00:39:52,667
AND THE JUDGE HAS LISTENED
TO OUR ARGUMENT.

694
00:39:52,667 --> 00:39:54,533
THEY LISTENED
TO THE STATE'S ARGUMENT.

695
00:39:54,533 --> 00:39:56,266
THEY'RE GOING TO CONSIDER
SEVERAL ISSUES--

696
00:39:56,266 --> 00:39:58,867
FIRST OF ALL,
WHETHER THEY SHOULD
EVEN HEAR THE CASE

697
00:39:58,867 --> 00:40:00,800
AND WHETHER WE ARE
PROPERLY IN THIS COURT,

698
00:40:00,800 --> 00:40:04,900
OR THEY'RE GOING TO DECIDE
THAT WE SHOULD PROCEED
IN THE STATE COURTS

699
00:40:04,900 --> 00:40:08,367
UP THROUGH APPEAL
OF THE VIRGINIA
SUPREME COURT

700
00:40:08,367 --> 00:40:11,734
AND THEN POSSIBLY
ON TO THE SUPREME COURT
OF THE UNITED STATES.

701
00:40:11,734 --> 00:40:13,333
THEY HEARD US.
THEY LISTENED TO US.

702
00:40:13,333 --> 00:40:14,834
THEY LISTENED
TO BOTH SIDES

703
00:40:14,834 --> 00:40:16,266
AND THEY'RE GOING
TO LET US KNOW

704
00:40:16,266 --> 00:40:18,133
JUST AS SOON
AS THEY REACH
A DECISION.

705
00:40:18,133 --> 00:40:20,467
IF THIS COURT SHOULD
DECIDE TO ABSTAIN

706
00:40:20,467 --> 00:40:22,166
AND SEND IT BACK
TO THE STATE,

707
00:40:22,166 --> 00:40:25,467
WILL IT REMAIN PREJUDICIAL
TO YOUR CASE IN ANY WAY?

708
00:40:25,467 --> 00:40:27,433
WELL, WE HAVE A DECISION
TO MAKE THERE.

709
00:40:27,433 --> 00:40:29,300
WE MIGHT...

710
00:40:29,300 --> 00:40:31,066
JUST FOLLOW US.

711
00:40:31,066 --> 00:40:33,166
- YOU HAVE YOUR OWN--
YOUR FRIEND'S CAR?
- UH-HUH.

712
00:40:33,166 --> 00:40:35,567
NOW WHERE ARE YOU?

713
00:40:35,567 --> 00:40:37,934
I KNOW WHERE ALL THE...

714
00:40:37,934 --> 00:40:39,567
- NO, THAT'S NOT THAT FAR.
- YES, IT IS.

715
00:40:39,567 --> 00:40:41,667
Mildred:
DID Y'ALL COME
THROUGH BOWLING GREEN?

716
00:40:41,667 --> 00:40:43,133
Cohen:
NO, UH-UH.

717
00:40:43,133 --> 00:40:44,867
NO, NO, IT'S ONLY ABOUT
10 MINUTES FROM HERE.

718
00:40:44,867 --> 00:40:46,533
15 MINUTES IN THE CAR
THAT YOU FOLLOW US.

719
00:40:46,533 --> 00:40:48,600
- LET'S GO.
- Reporter: NICE TO HAVE
MET YOU, MRS. COHEN.

720
00:40:48,600 --> 00:40:50,033
- NICE TO HAVE MET YOU.
- GOOD LUCK TO YOU FOLKS.

721
00:40:50,033 --> 00:40:53,800
- THANK YOU.
- THANKS, BERNIE.
THANKS, PHIL.

722
00:40:57,200 --> 00:41:02,100
IT WOULD BE BETTER
IF WE DIDN'T STAY TOGETHER.

723
00:41:02,100 --> 00:41:04,867
- I MEAN, IF HE STAYED
AT HIS MOTHER'S HOME--
- Cohen: CAN YOU DO THAT?

724
00:41:04,867 --> 00:41:07,367
- CAN YOU STAY DOWN HERE
AND STAY SEPARATELY?
- Richard: YEAH.

725
00:41:07,367 --> 00:41:09,000
Cohen: SEE, IF THEY'RE
OUT TO BOTHER YOU,

726
00:41:09,000 --> 00:41:10,533
THEY'RE NOT GOING
TO MAKE THAT DISTINCTION

727
00:41:10,533 --> 00:41:13,000
THAT YOU'RE
STAYING SEPARATELY.

728
00:41:14,200 --> 00:41:16,166
I'LL SAY THIS--
IT'S GOT TO COST YOU

729
00:41:16,166 --> 00:41:18,934
A LOT OF MONEY
TO MOVE UP THERE
AND A LOT OF TROUBLE.

730
00:41:18,934 --> 00:41:23,400
AND IF YOU DON'T
MIND THE POSSIBILITY
OR THE INCONVENIENCE

731
00:41:23,400 --> 00:41:26,166
OF BEING IN JAIL
FOR A FEW HOURS--

732
00:41:26,166 --> 00:41:27,567
THAT'S WHAT IT MIGHT BE.

733
00:41:27,567 --> 00:41:30,567
IT MIGHT BE A HALF-HOUR
OR IT MIGHT BE FIVE
OR SIX HOURS,

734
00:41:30,567 --> 00:41:34,467
BUT I GIVE YOU MY WORD
THAT IT COULDN'T BE ANY
LONGER THAN THAT.

735
00:41:34,467 --> 00:41:36,233
RIGHT, PHIL?
I JUST DON'T SEE
HOW IT COULD BE.

736
00:41:36,233 --> 00:41:38,133
YEAH. YOU HAVE CARDS
WITH BOTH OUR NUMBERS ON IT.

737
00:41:38,133 --> 00:41:39,667
SO CALL AT HOME ANY TIME.

738
00:41:39,667 --> 00:41:41,133
DON'T WORRY
ABOUT TIME OR PLACE.

739
00:41:41,133 --> 00:41:43,066
Cohen:
HOW ABOUT IF THEY CAME
AND ARRESTED YOU?

740
00:41:43,066 --> 00:41:44,567
WOULD SOMEBODY ELSE
KNOW ABOUT IT

741
00:41:44,567 --> 00:41:46,500
SO THEY COULD CALL US
BEFORE YOU COULD?

742
00:41:46,500 --> 00:41:48,266
- YEAH.
- Cohen: LEAVE OUR NUMBERS
WITH YOUR FRIENDS.

743
00:41:48,266 --> 00:41:50,867
- YEAH, WE JUST
GAVE IT TO THEM.
- Cohen: GIVE IT TO THEM.

744
00:41:50,867 --> 00:41:52,800
THESE PEOPLE
THAT WE STAYED
CLOSE TO--

745
00:41:52,800 --> 00:41:54,433
WHEN THEY COME AFTER US,
THEY'LL KNOW IT, SEE?

746
00:41:54,433 --> 00:41:56,066
THEY'LL NOTIFY THEM
OR THEY'LL CALL Y'ALL.

747
00:41:56,066 --> 00:41:59,467
Cohen: LOOK, IF YOU WANT
TO STAY DOWN HERE,
STICK AROUND.

748
00:41:59,467 --> 00:42:01,533
AND IF ANYBODY
ARRESTS YOU,

749
00:42:01,533 --> 00:42:04,467
JUST HAVE THEM
GET IN TOUCH WITH US
AND WE'LL HOP RIGHT TO IT.

750
00:42:04,467 --> 00:42:06,700
WE WON'T LET YOU STAY
IN JAIL ONE MINUTE LONGER

751
00:42:06,700 --> 00:42:09,867
THAN IT TAKES US
TO GET DOWN HERE
AND GET YOU OUT.

752
00:42:09,867 --> 00:42:11,633
- OKAY?
- OKAY.

753
00:42:11,633 --> 00:42:13,667
- Cohen: ALL RIGHT.
- Hirschkop: YOU TWO
WILL BE OKAY.

754
00:42:13,667 --> 00:42:15,533
- Cohen: GOOD LUCK TO YOU.
- YEAH.

755
00:42:15,533 --> 00:42:17,400
Hirschkop:
YOU DID A GOOD JOB
TODAY, DICK.

756
00:42:17,400 --> 00:42:19,300
- THANK YOU.
- ( laughter )

757
00:42:19,300 --> 00:42:21,000
I SURE APPRECIATE
WHAT Y'ALL ARE DOING.

758
00:42:21,000 --> 00:42:22,367
Cohen:
WELL, THAT'S ALL RIGHT.

759
00:42:22,367 --> 00:42:23,834
Hirschkop:
WE HAD TO COME DOWN

760
00:42:23,834 --> 00:42:25,467
AND PICK UP SOME BOOKS
FROM GOOCHLAND ANYHOW.

761
00:42:25,467 --> 00:42:27,667
- YEAH?
- ( laughter )

762
00:42:27,667 --> 00:42:29,967
- OKAY, BYE.
- Cohen: WE'LL SEE YOU.
SO LONG.

763
00:42:29,967 --> 00:42:33,333
Hirschkop:
WE APPLIED FOR
A TEMPORARY RESTRAINING ORDER

764
00:42:33,333 --> 00:42:35,367
BECAUSE THEY WANTED
TO STAY IN VIRGINIA

765
00:42:35,367 --> 00:42:37,734
AND THEY WOULDN'T GET
PROSECUTED AGAIN OR VIOLATED.

766
00:42:37,734 --> 00:42:41,100
REMEMBER, THERE STILL WAS
AN OUTSTANDING SENTENCE ON THEM

767
00:42:41,100 --> 00:42:43,734
AND WE DIDN'T KNOW
IT WOULD BE REVERSED
OR NOT REVERSED,

768
00:42:43,734 --> 00:42:46,934
AND YOU COULDN'T CHANCE
GETTING THEM IN WORSE TROUBLE.

769
00:42:46,934 --> 00:42:48,834
WE WANTED
THE FEDERAL COURT
TO STEP IN

770
00:42:48,834 --> 00:42:52,567
AND AT LEAST SUSPEND
THAT SENTENCE,

771
00:42:52,567 --> 00:42:54,867
BUT WE COULDN'T SHOW
THERE WAS IRREPARABLE INJURY

772
00:42:54,867 --> 00:42:57,066
BECAUSE WE COULDN'T ADMIT
THEY WERE LIVING IN VIRGINIA.

773
00:42:57,066 --> 00:42:58,667
WE'D BE ADMITTING
ON THE RECORD

774
00:42:58,667 --> 00:43:00,500
THEY WERE VIOLATING
THE COURT ORDER,

775
00:43:00,500 --> 00:43:03,333
AND THEY WERE SUPPOSED
TO BE LIVING IN D.C.

776
00:43:05,400 --> 00:43:09,166
YOU COULDN'T DEAL WITH THEM
VERY WELL BY PHONE OR LETTER,

777
00:43:09,166 --> 00:43:12,667
PARTICULARLY SINCE RICHARD
WAS NOT VERY COMMUNICATIVE.

778
00:43:12,667 --> 00:43:14,767
I MET THEM IN ALEXANDRIA.

779
00:43:14,767 --> 00:43:16,500
I KNOW IT WAS A VIOLATION
OF THE RULE,

780
00:43:16,500 --> 00:43:18,200
BUT I REMEMBER
THEY CAME TO ALEXANDRIA

781
00:43:18,200 --> 00:43:20,633
AND I WENT OVER
THE LAWSUIT WITH THEM.

782
00:43:20,633 --> 00:43:22,934
RICHARD SAID
VIRTUALLY NOTHING.

783
00:43:22,934 --> 00:43:25,333
SHE WAS-- SHE SPOKE
VERY LITTLE.

784
00:43:25,333 --> 00:43:27,667
BUT WHEN SHE SPOKE,
SHE WAS VERY ARTICULATE,
MRS. LOVING.

785
00:43:27,667 --> 00:43:29,133
IF YOU SAW WHAT SHE WROTE,

786
00:43:29,133 --> 00:43:32,700
SHE WROTE IN A VERY NEAT HAND,
IN EXCELLENT WRITING.

787
00:43:32,700 --> 00:43:35,533
IT WASN'T WHAT YOU SAW
OF PEOPLE IN THE SOUTH

788
00:43:35,533 --> 00:43:37,100
WHO HAD BEEN
SO OPPRESSED

789
00:43:37,100 --> 00:43:40,133
AS THE MINORITY PEOPLE
WERE IN THE SOUTH.

790
00:43:41,967 --> 00:43:44,600
SHE WAS INSTANTLY LIKABLE.

791
00:43:44,600 --> 00:43:49,700
I HAD A NATURAL
FIRST NEGATIVE REACTION
TO MR. LOVING

792
00:43:49,700 --> 00:43:51,367
BECAUSE I HAD BEEN
TO THE DEEP SOUTH

793
00:43:51,367 --> 00:43:53,333
AND I WAS
VERY SUSPICIOUS

794
00:43:53,333 --> 00:43:54,834
OF PEOPLE WHO LOOKED
LIKE REDNECKS.

795
00:43:54,834 --> 00:43:56,367
AND, BOY, HE LOOKED
LIKE A REDNECK.

796
00:43:56,367 --> 00:43:58,900
HE HAD A RED NECK
AND A CREW CUT.

797
00:43:58,900 --> 00:44:01,533
WHAT CAME THROUGH
ABOUT THE TWO OF THEM

798
00:44:01,533 --> 00:44:03,233
WAS JUST--
WHAT EVERYONE SAYS--

799
00:44:03,233 --> 00:44:05,367
THEY WERE VERY MUCH
IN LOVE.

800
00:44:05,367 --> 00:44:08,667
THIS WAS A GUY, IF YOU TOOK
THE CHARACTER OF HIM,

801
00:44:08,667 --> 00:44:10,000
HE WOULD HAVE LEFT HER.

802
00:44:10,000 --> 00:44:11,567
HE DIDN'T NEED
ALL THAT GRIEF.

803
00:44:11,567 --> 00:44:13,934
HE WAS A WHITE GUY
WHO WAS IN THE RULING CLASS.

804
00:44:13,934 --> 00:44:16,734
IT NEVER WAS AN ISSUE.
IT NEVER WAS A QUESTION.

805
00:44:16,734 --> 00:44:19,133
IT NEVER WAS
A POSSIBILITY.

806
00:44:19,133 --> 00:44:22,367
I REALLY DON'T KNOW
WHAT'S GOING TO HAPPEN
THIS TIME.

807
00:44:22,367 --> 00:44:25,900
Ryden:
WHAT WOULD HAPPEN
IF YOU LOST THE CASE?

808
00:44:25,900 --> 00:44:28,867
WELL, IF WE LOST,
WE WOULD HAVE TO GO BACK
TO WASHINGTON.

809
00:44:28,867 --> 00:44:33,000
NO, IF WE LOSE IN RICHMOND,
HE'S GOING TO TAKE IT
TO THE SUPREME COURT.

810
00:44:33,000 --> 00:44:35,433
BUT IF WE LOSE THERE,
THEN WE'LL HAVE TO

811
00:44:35,433 --> 00:44:37,900
MOVE BACK
TO WASHINGTON THEN.

812
00:44:37,900 --> 00:44:39,867
- Ryden: YEAH.
- MM-HMM.

813
00:44:39,867 --> 00:44:41,934
IF YOU GET IT
TO THE SUPREME COURT,

814
00:44:41,934 --> 00:44:43,767
I DON'T SEE
HOW YOU COULD LOSE.

815
00:44:43,767 --> 00:44:46,166
I DON'T THINK SO.

816
00:44:46,166 --> 00:44:49,233
- I MEAN, IF YOU
CAN GET IT THERE.
- MM-HMM.

817
00:44:49,233 --> 00:44:53,633
WELL, HE SAID--
ACTUALLY, HE SAID THAT
HE WOULD TRY ANYWAY.

818
00:44:53,633 --> 00:44:55,400
AT LEAST HE SAID
HE COULD.

819
00:44:55,400 --> 00:44:59,133
HE SAID IF WE LOSE
IN RICHMOND

820
00:44:59,133 --> 00:45:03,066
THAT IT WOULD GO
TO THE SUPREME COURT
IN OCTOBER.

821
00:45:05,934 --> 00:45:07,400
Ryden:
WHAT IF YOU WIN?

822
00:45:07,400 --> 00:45:09,633
WILL THEY TAKE IT
TO THE SUPREME COURT THEN?

823
00:45:09,633 --> 00:45:12,233
Mildred:
I DON'T THINK SO.
I DON'T KNOW.

824
00:45:16,934 --> 00:45:19,033
Man:
WELL, ACTUALLY,

825
00:45:19,033 --> 00:45:22,900
I'M SURE THE PUBLICITY
ISN'T TOO PLEASANT.

826
00:45:22,900 --> 00:45:24,266
IT'LL KIND OF WORK OUT--

827
00:45:24,266 --> 00:45:26,200
IT'LL WORK OUT
FOR A LOT OF OTHER PEOPLE.

828
00:45:26,200 --> 00:45:28,333
YES.

829
00:45:28,333 --> 00:45:30,467
I HOPE SO.

830
00:45:30,467 --> 00:45:32,066
YOU KNOW,
BECAUSE OF THAT--

831
00:45:32,066 --> 00:45:35,133
IT'S NOT SO MUCH OF ME
AND RICHARD,

832
00:45:35,133 --> 00:45:38,367
BECAUSE WE COULD GO AWAY,
BUT IT'S THE PRINCIPLE.

833
00:45:38,367 --> 00:45:42,767
IT'S THE LAW.
I DON'T THINK IT'S RIGHT.

834
00:45:42,767 --> 00:45:46,533
AND IF WE DO WIN,
WE WILL BE HELPING
A LOT OF PEOPLE.

835
00:45:46,533 --> 00:45:48,633
- Ryden: YEAH.
- MM-HMM.

836
00:45:48,633 --> 00:45:51,900
I KNEW WE HAVE
SOME ENEMIES,

837
00:45:51,900 --> 00:45:54,367
BUT WE HAVE
SOME FRIENDS, TOO.

838
00:45:56,500 --> 00:46:01,066
SO IT REALLY DON'T
MAKE ANY DIFFERENCE
ABOUT MY ENEMIES.

839
00:46:06,467 --> 00:46:10,900
- WHAT TIME DO WE HAVE TO BE
OVER IN WASHINGTON?
- Hirschkop: 10:00.

840
00:46:10,900 --> 00:46:13,166
WELL, THE LOVINGS
ARE GOING TO CALL AT 9:15.

841
00:46:13,166 --> 00:46:16,734
BOY, I WISH
THEY HAD A PHONE.

842
00:46:16,734 --> 00:46:19,166
I TOLD THEM-- THEY CALLED ME
AT HOME LAST NIGHT.

843
00:46:19,166 --> 00:46:21,333
I TOLD THEM TO CALL US
AT 9:15 THIS MORNING,

844
00:46:21,333 --> 00:46:24,000
THAT WE'D NO DOUBT HAVE
THE DECISION BY THEN.

845
00:46:24,000 --> 00:46:26,500
AT THAT TIME I DIDN'T REALIZE
WE COULD TRY PICKING IT UP

846
00:46:26,500 --> 00:46:29,000
THIS EARLY THIS MORNING.

847
00:46:36,500 --> 00:46:39,100
( paper rustling )

848
00:46:39,100 --> 00:46:43,000
WANT TO SAVE THE ENVELOPE?
IT'S HISTORIC.

849
00:46:43,000 --> 00:46:44,734
IF YOU ASSUME,
WHICH I GUESS WE HAVE TO,

850
00:46:44,734 --> 00:46:46,567
THAT JUDGE LEWIS
KNOWS WHAT HE'S DOING--

851
00:46:46,567 --> 00:46:48,133
HE'S TRYING
TO TRAP US AWAY

852
00:46:48,133 --> 00:46:50,600
FROM THE ISSUE
OF THE STATUTE ITSELF.

853
00:46:50,600 --> 00:46:52,533
I'D BET ON IT.

854
00:46:55,066 --> 00:46:56,900
NO, IT DOESN'T
LOOK THAT WAY.

855
00:46:56,900 --> 00:47:00,867
IT LOOKS LIKE
THEY'RE PENDING US
TOWARDS THE STATUTE.

856
00:47:00,867 --> 00:47:02,633
WELL, WHEN YOU GO BACK
TO THE STATE COURT,

857
00:47:02,633 --> 00:47:05,567
REMEMBER WE'RE RESERVING
SOME OF THE PROCEDURAL
QUESTIONS.

858
00:47:05,567 --> 00:47:07,000
WE COULD ALWAYS BRING THEM
TO STATE COURT.

859
00:47:07,000 --> 00:47:08,533
WELL, THEY HAVE TO RAISE
ALL OUR QUESTIONS

860
00:47:08,533 --> 00:47:10,266
IN THE STATE COURT
THIS TIME AROUND, RIGHT?

861
00:47:10,266 --> 00:47:11,633
- YEAH.
- ALL RIGHT.

862
00:47:11,633 --> 00:47:14,367
THEN I BET THAT WHEN WE RAISE
THE SENTENCE QUESTIONS,

863
00:47:14,367 --> 00:47:16,166
THEY'RE JUST GOING TO FIND
THE SENTENCE UNCONSTITUTIONAL

864
00:47:16,166 --> 00:47:17,734
AND THEY'LL NEVER
REACH THE STATUTE.

865
00:47:17,734 --> 00:47:19,734
WE CAN BE IN THE STATE COURT
FOR THE NEXT TWO YEARS.

866
00:47:19,734 --> 00:47:21,567
THE ORDER SAYS
THEY HAVE TO REACH
THE STATUTE.

867
00:47:21,567 --> 00:47:23,100
I KNOW WHAT IT SAYS, BUT--

868
00:47:23,100 --> 00:47:26,300
WELL, IT SAYS THAT--
I READ IT VERY QUICKLY,

869
00:47:26,300 --> 00:47:30,767
BUT I THOUGHT IT SAID
THAT IF THE STATE COURT
DIDN'T REACH THE STATUTES,

870
00:47:30,767 --> 00:47:34,333
THEY'RE GOING TO COME BACK
AND TAKE IT, SO I THINK
YOU'RE WRONG THERE.

871
00:47:34,333 --> 00:47:36,567
I THINK THEY DEFINITELY
WANT TO SEE A RESOLUTION

872
00:47:36,567 --> 00:47:38,433
OF THE CONSTITUTIONALITY
OF THOSE STATUTES.

873
00:47:38,433 --> 00:47:40,600
AND IF THE STATE SUPREME COURT
OF VIRGINIA DOESN'T DO IT,

874
00:47:40,600 --> 00:47:43,500
THEY'RE TELLING US
THEY'RE GOING TO DO IT,
WHICH IS ALL RIGHT WITH ME.

875
00:47:43,500 --> 00:47:46,767
I DON'T MIND GOING THROUGH
THE STATE SUPREME COURT
SO LONG AS I KNOW--

876
00:47:46,767 --> 00:47:49,300
I DON'T MIND--
AS LONG AS IT TAKES
AND WHATEVER IT TAKES,

877
00:47:49,300 --> 00:47:51,300
SO LONG AS I KNOW
WE CAN EVENTUALLY GET

878
00:47:51,300 --> 00:47:53,266
A RESOLUTION
OF THESE STATUTES.

879
00:47:53,266 --> 00:47:55,266
I THINK HE'S ABDICATING

880
00:47:55,266 --> 00:47:58,767
HIS FEDERAL AUTHORITIES
TO THE STATE.

881
00:47:58,767 --> 00:48:01,500
WELL, I DON'T KNOW.

882
00:48:01,500 --> 00:48:03,400
I THINK THERE'LL BE
A RESOLUTION OF IT

883
00:48:03,400 --> 00:48:04,900
AND THAT'S
WHAT'S IMPORTANT.

884
00:48:04,900 --> 00:48:08,200
I DON'T THINK
THERE'S ANYTHING MORE

885
00:48:08,200 --> 00:48:10,233
THAN A DELAY
INVOLVED HERE.

886
00:48:12,100 --> 00:48:15,166
WELL, LOOK,
YOU CAN'T REALLY SAY.

887
00:48:15,166 --> 00:48:17,533
YOU KNOW, YOU'VE GOT
TO READ THOSE OPINIONS
VERY, VERY CAREFULLY,

888
00:48:17,533 --> 00:48:20,734
BECAUSE SOMETIMES
THE EMPHASIS THAT YOU GET

889
00:48:20,734 --> 00:48:23,300
THE FIRST TIME YOU READ IT
IS NOT WHAT YOU GET LATER.

890
00:48:23,300 --> 00:48:25,266
WHEN WE READ IT LATER--

891
00:48:25,266 --> 00:48:27,767
I'VE READ IT 100 TIMES
ALREADY, BERNIE.

892
00:48:27,767 --> 00:48:29,934
I READ IT BY JUDGE COX
50 TIMES.

893
00:48:29,934 --> 00:48:32,500
I READ IT 25 TIMES
BY JUDGE MEYES

894
00:48:32,500 --> 00:48:35,300
AND I READ IT
BY ALL THE OTHER JUDGES
IN MISSISSIPPI.

895
00:48:35,300 --> 00:48:38,166
LANGHOFF,
COHEN AND COHEN.

896
00:48:40,600 --> 00:48:42,900
MAY I TELL HIM
WHO IS CALLING?

897
00:48:42,900 --> 00:48:45,367
- JUST A MOMENT.
- ( clicks )

898
00:48:45,367 --> 00:48:47,367
MRS. LOVING.

899
00:48:47,367 --> 00:48:48,867
- ON EIGHT?
- NINE.

900
00:48:48,867 --> 00:48:51,400
- ( clicks )
- HELLO?

901
00:48:51,400 --> 00:48:52,934
MRS. LOVING?

902
00:48:52,934 --> 00:48:55,667
WE GOT THE DECISION
IN YOUR CASE THIS MORNING,

903
00:48:55,667 --> 00:48:59,667
AND THE COURT
THAT WE WERE BEFORE,

904
00:48:59,667 --> 00:49:01,867
THE FEDERAL DISTRICT COURT
IN RICHMOND,

905
00:49:01,867 --> 00:49:05,633
HAS SENT US BACK
TO THE STATE COURTS

906
00:49:05,633 --> 00:49:09,000
AND RETAINED
JURISDICTION OF YOUR CASE

907
00:49:09,000 --> 00:49:10,633
AT THE SAME TIME.

908
00:49:10,633 --> 00:49:12,166
NOW THAT'S A LITTLE BIT
COMPLICATED

909
00:49:12,166 --> 00:49:16,333
AND I'LL SEE IF I CAN
EXPLAIN IT EASILY.

910
00:49:16,333 --> 00:49:19,066
THEY'VE TOLD US,
THE JUDGES HAVE TOLD US,

911
00:49:19,066 --> 00:49:21,266
THAT WE HAVE TO
GO THROUGH

912
00:49:21,266 --> 00:49:24,000
THE SUPREME COURT
OF VIRGINIA FIRST

913
00:49:24,000 --> 00:49:28,700
BEFORE WE CAN PROPERLY
ASK THIS COURT

914
00:49:28,700 --> 00:49:31,800
TO RESOLVE THE CONSTITUTIONAL
ISSUES INVOLVED,

915
00:49:31,800 --> 00:49:33,767
THIS FEDERAL COURT
THAT WE'RE IN.

916
00:49:33,767 --> 00:49:35,633
BUT THIS FEDERAL COURT
HAS SAID THAT

917
00:49:35,633 --> 00:49:39,100
IF WE DON'T GET
THE CONSTITUTIONAL
ISSUES RESOLVED

918
00:49:39,100 --> 00:49:40,700
IN THE SUPREME COURT
OF VIRGINIA,

919
00:49:40,700 --> 00:49:44,300
THEN THEY ARE PROMISING
THAT THEY WILL TAKE YOUR CASE

920
00:49:44,300 --> 00:49:46,166
BACK IN THE FEDERAL COURT

921
00:49:46,166 --> 00:49:49,533
AND HEAR
THE CONSTITUTIONAL ISSUES.

922
00:49:49,533 --> 00:49:53,867
SO IT'S A PRETTY GOOD DECISION
IN THAT WE KNOW

923
00:49:53,867 --> 00:49:56,367
THAT WE'RE GOING TO GET
THE ISSUE DECIDED

924
00:49:56,367 --> 00:49:59,133
ONCE AND FOR ALL
SOMETIME, SOMEWHERE.

925
00:49:59,133 --> 00:50:02,600
NOW THAT'S BETTER
THAN ANYTHING WE'VE KNOWN
IN THE PAST TWO YEARS.

926
00:50:02,600 --> 00:50:04,867
WE ALWAYS HAD
A LITTLE WORRY

927
00:50:04,867 --> 00:50:06,633
ABOUT WHETHER OR NOT
WE WOULD BE ABLE

928
00:50:06,633 --> 00:50:12,166
TO GET IT RESOLVED
ANYWHERE,

929
00:50:12,166 --> 00:50:13,500
BUT WE NOW KNOW WE CAN.

930
00:50:13,500 --> 00:50:15,700
IT'S JUST A MATTER
OF TIME.

931
00:50:15,700 --> 00:50:19,367
THE COURT HAS ALSO ORDERED
THAT YOU BE GRANTED BAIL

932
00:50:19,367 --> 00:50:22,700
IN THE EVENT
YOU AND YOUR HUSBAND
ARE ARRESTED AGAIN.

933
00:50:22,700 --> 00:50:25,533
THEY DIDN'T SAY
THAT THEY WOULDN'T ALLOW
THE STATE TO ARREST YOU,

934
00:50:25,533 --> 00:50:28,467
BUT THEY DID SAY
THAT IF YOU ARE TAKEN
INTO CUSTODY AGAIN,

935
00:50:28,467 --> 00:50:31,233
THEY ASSURE YOU
THAT THE FEDERAL COURT

936
00:50:31,233 --> 00:50:34,600
WILL GRANT
A WRIT IN BAIL,

937
00:50:34,600 --> 00:50:37,700
WHICH MEANS WE COULD
GET YOU OUT OF JAIL

938
00:50:37,700 --> 00:50:39,367
IN A VERY SHORT TIME,

939
00:50:39,367 --> 00:50:42,700
PERHAPS A MATTER OF MINUTES
OR AT MOST AN HOUR.

940
00:50:44,133 --> 00:50:47,367
OKAY, SO IT'S ANOTHER
LONG COURT FIGHT
IN FRONT OF US

941
00:50:47,367 --> 00:50:48,834
AND YOU JUST HAVE TO
BE PATIENT,

942
00:50:48,834 --> 00:50:52,433
BUT THE WHEELS OF JUSTICE
GRIND SLOWLY.

943
00:50:52,433 --> 00:50:56,100
OKAY?
IS YOUR HUSBAND THERE?

944
00:50:56,100 --> 00:50:58,033
MAYBE WE'LL LOSE

945
00:50:58,033 --> 00:51:00,166
THE SMALL BATTLES
AND WIN THE BIG WAR.

946
00:51:00,166 --> 00:51:02,133
Man:
THAT WOULD BE WORTH IT,
WOULDN'T IT?

947
00:51:02,133 --> 00:51:03,867
YES, IT WOULD.

948
00:51:03,867 --> 00:51:06,033
( children chattering )

949
00:51:09,233 --> 00:51:11,166
DON, DON?

950
00:51:11,166 --> 00:51:12,900
GO IN THERE AND GET
A SODA BOTTLE

951
00:51:12,900 --> 00:51:16,033
AND RUN OVER THERE
AND ASK GRANDMA TO
SEND A LITTLE OIL.

952
00:51:16,033 --> 00:51:17,800
OKAY.

953
00:51:33,233 --> 00:51:36,233
Ryden:
DOES YOUR GRANDMOTHER
LIVE ACROSS THE STREET?

954
00:51:36,233 --> 00:51:39,400
- MY HUSBAND'S MOTHER
LIVES OVER THERE.
- OH.

955
00:51:44,066 --> 00:51:50,133
WHAT ARE YOUR PLANS
IF YOU WIN NOW?

956
00:51:50,133 --> 00:51:51,500
WHAT WOULD YOU DO?

957
00:51:51,500 --> 00:51:54,133
WHERE WOULD YOU LIVE
AND WHAT WOULD YOU DO?

958
00:51:54,133 --> 00:51:57,767
WELL, MY HUSBAND'S FATHER,
HE GAVE US AN ACRE OF LAND

959
00:51:57,767 --> 00:51:59,200
RIGHT ACROSS
THE ROAD THERE,

960
00:51:59,200 --> 00:52:01,233
AND THAT'S WHERE
WE WANT TO BUILD.

961
00:52:01,233 --> 00:52:03,000
AND I WOULD BE CLOSE
TO MY MOTHER

962
00:52:03,000 --> 00:52:05,200
AND HE'D BE CLOSE
TO HIS FAMILY.

963
00:52:05,200 --> 00:52:07,200
DO YOU FEEL CLOSE
TO YOUR FAMILIES?

964
00:52:07,200 --> 00:52:10,767
- ARE YOU--
- YEAH, UH-HUH.
VERY CLOSE.

965
00:52:10,767 --> 00:52:15,900
THAT'S WHAT WE WOULD DO,
YOU KNOW, IF WE WIN.

966
00:52:15,900 --> 00:52:19,233
IF WE DON'T WIN,
THEN WE HAVE TO
LEAVE AGAIN.

967
00:52:19,233 --> 00:52:21,934
I DREAD TO EVEN
THINK ABOUT IT.

968
00:52:26,433 --> 00:52:29,600
( music playing )

969
00:53:24,734 --> 00:53:27,834
( no audible dialogue )

970
00:53:55,567 --> 00:53:59,066
THEY BARKED UP
THE WRONG TREE.

971
00:53:59,066 --> 00:54:04,266
I GUESS THEY THOUGHT
THAT THEY WERE POOR
AND LOW CLASS

972
00:54:04,266 --> 00:54:06,300
AS THE SHERIFF
SAID THEY WERE,

973
00:54:06,300 --> 00:54:08,567
THAT THEY WOULDN'T
DO ANYTHING.

974
00:54:08,567 --> 00:54:11,266
SO I GUESS THEY DETERMINED
THAT THEY WERE GOING
TO SHOW THEM

975
00:54:11,266 --> 00:54:15,433
THEY MAY BE POOR
AND THEY MAY BE LOW CLASS,
AS HE WOULD SAY,

976
00:54:15,433 --> 00:54:19,400
BUT THEY HAD DETERMINATION
AND THE WILL TO COME BACK

977
00:54:19,400 --> 00:54:23,100
AND DO WHAT THEY NEEDED TO DO
TO BE WITH THEIR FAMILY.

978
00:54:30,000 --> 00:54:35,033
SHE WAS ONLY 18 YEARS OLD
OR 17 WHEN THEY GOT MARRIED,

979
00:54:35,033 --> 00:54:41,166
AND RICHARD WAS
A BIG, HUSKY BRICKLAYER...

980
00:54:42,667 --> 00:54:44,600
BUT EVEN HE WAS UPSET.

981
00:54:44,600 --> 00:54:48,400
HE KNEW THAT THE LAW
WAS AGAINST HIM,

982
00:54:48,400 --> 00:54:53,200
AND HE JUST WANTED ME
TO GO SEE JUDGE BAZILE

983
00:54:53,200 --> 00:54:57,934
AND CONVINCE JUDGE BAZILE
TO LET THEM COME BACK
INTO VIRGINIA.

984
00:54:57,934 --> 00:55:00,600
WHEN I TOLD HIM I DIDN'T THINK
IT WAS GOING TO WORK THAT WAY

985
00:55:00,600 --> 00:55:02,700
AND THAT I THOUGHT
THIS CASE WAS LIKELY TO GO

986
00:55:02,700 --> 00:55:05,467
TO THE SUPREME COURT
OF THE UNITED STATES,

987
00:55:05,467 --> 00:55:07,000
HIS JAW ABOUT DROPPED

988
00:55:07,000 --> 00:55:11,934
AND HE COULDN'T ACCEPT
WHAT I WAS SAYING TO HIM.

989
00:55:11,934 --> 00:55:14,367
HE JUST SAID, "CAN'T YOU
JUST GO SEE JUDGE BAZILE

990
00:55:14,367 --> 00:55:16,834
AND TELL HIM WE DON'T WANT
TO HARM ANYBODY;

991
00:55:16,834 --> 00:55:19,367
WE JUST WANT TO LIVE
IN PEACE IN VIRGINIA"?

992
00:55:19,367 --> 00:55:24,100
HE JUST SAID, "YOU CROSSED
THE LINE WITH ME.

993
00:55:24,100 --> 00:55:27,200
I'M AN AMERICAN.
I HAVE A RIGHT TO BE FREE.

994
00:55:27,200 --> 00:55:30,367
I HAVE A RIGHT
TO CHOOSE A WIFE AND LIVE
WITH THE WOMAN I LOVE.

995
00:55:30,367 --> 00:55:32,700
AND YOU'VE GOT NO RIGHT
TO TELL ME NO, PERIOD."

996
00:55:32,700 --> 00:55:37,300
IT WAS A VERY EXCITING TIME
FOR PHIL AND I...

997
00:55:40,033 --> 00:55:41,800
WITH THIS RESEARCH
WE WERE DOING

998
00:55:41,800 --> 00:55:45,300
AND TALKING TO PEOPLE
WHO HAD HANDLED

999
00:55:45,300 --> 00:55:46,900
OTHER CIVIL RIGHTS CASES

1000
00:55:46,900 --> 00:55:50,333
AND GETTING ALL SORTS
OF SUGGESTIONS.

1001
00:55:50,333 --> 00:55:52,633
THEY GAVE US
LOTS OF SUGGESTIONS.

1002
00:55:52,633 --> 00:55:56,200
THE BOTTOM LINE WAS
IT'S A CIVIL RIGHTS CASE

1003
00:55:56,200 --> 00:56:01,000
WITH A 14th AMENDMENT CASE
WITH DUE PROCESS

1004
00:56:01,000 --> 00:56:04,033
AND EQUAL
PROTECTION OF THE LAWS
BEING THE MAJOR ISSUES.

1005
00:56:04,033 --> 00:56:07,600
ALL RIGHT, WHAT ARE THE THINGS
THAT CAN ONLY BE DONE TOGETHER

1006
00:56:07,600 --> 00:56:11,166
BY MAN AND WIFE
THAT THEY CAN'T DO
IN VIRGINIA?

1007
00:56:11,166 --> 00:56:13,266
THEY CAN'T COME VISIT
HER PARENTS TOGETHER.

1008
00:56:13,266 --> 00:56:15,233
- Man: OR THEIR FRIENDS.
- OR THEIR FRIENDS.

1009
00:56:15,233 --> 00:56:17,667
Hirschkop:
THE CHILDREN CAN'T LIVE WITH
THEM AND GO TO SCHOOL THERE.

1010
00:56:17,667 --> 00:56:19,133
Man:
BREAKING UP
THE FAMILY OUGHT TO BE

1011
00:56:19,133 --> 00:56:20,700
IRREPARABLE INJURY
IF ANYTHING IS.

1012
00:56:20,700 --> 00:56:23,633
THIS IS STRICTLY
A SEGREGATION PROBLEM,

1013
00:56:23,633 --> 00:56:26,133
AND THE SUPREME COURT
HAS SAID TIME AND AGAIN

1014
00:56:26,133 --> 00:56:29,834
THE FEDERAL COURTS
HAVE THE RIGHT TO PROTECT
FEDERAL RIGHTS.

1015
00:56:29,834 --> 00:56:31,967
THESE ARE FEDERAL RIGHTS
WE'RE TALKING ABOUT.

1016
00:56:31,967 --> 00:56:34,900
LET'S GO BACK TO THE OFFICE
AND GET THIS THING ON PAPER.

1017
00:56:34,900 --> 00:56:38,166
Man:
THEY'RE NOT EVEN THINKING
OF IT AS A CIVIL RIGHTS CASE.

1018
00:56:38,166 --> 00:56:40,533
THEY'RE THINKING OF IT
AS AN ORDINARY CRIMINAL
PROSECUTION.

1019
00:56:40,533 --> 00:56:42,500
THIS IS THE OLD SAW
TO THE STATE

1020
00:56:42,500 --> 00:56:44,266
IN ALL OF THESE
CIVIL RIGHTS CASES.

1021
00:56:44,266 --> 00:56:45,734
THEY DON'T WANT TO ARGUE
THE SEGREGATION.

1022
00:56:45,734 --> 00:56:48,066
THEY COME AND SAY,
WELL, PROCEDURALLY,
THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT

1023
00:56:48,066 --> 00:56:50,367
IS HERE TO OPPRESS US
AND DENY US OUR RIGHTS.

1024
00:56:50,367 --> 00:56:52,834
THEY NEVER WANT TO ARGUE
THE INDIVIDUAL RIGHT
OF THE PERSON.

1025
00:56:52,834 --> 00:56:54,867
THEY ALWAYS WANT TO ARGUE
THE RIGHT OF THE STATE.

1026
00:56:54,867 --> 00:56:57,500
Cohen:
THAT'S NEW PROBLEMS.

1027
00:57:01,633 --> 00:57:03,400
NEW PROBLEMS.
NEW PROBLEMS.

1028
00:57:03,400 --> 00:57:08,533
WE KNEW IT WAS OBVIOUS
THAT NO VIRGINIA STATE COURT

1029
00:57:08,533 --> 00:57:10,800
WAS GOING TO RULE
IN OUR FAVOR.

1030
00:57:10,800 --> 00:57:15,967
WHAT JUDGE BAZILE DID
WHEN HE ISSUED THAT
RACIST OPINION

1031
00:57:15,967 --> 00:57:18,700
WAS GIVE US
A CLEAR SHOT TO APPEAL

1032
00:57:18,700 --> 00:57:20,667
TO THE SUPREME COURT
OF VIRGINIA.

1033
00:57:20,667 --> 00:57:22,767
WE APPEALED
TO THE SUPREME COURT
OF VIRGINIA

1034
00:57:22,767 --> 00:57:27,300
AND GOT ANOTHER
TERRIBLE DECISION
DENYING US RELIEF,

1035
00:57:27,300 --> 00:57:29,734
AND THEN WE HAD
AN APPEALABLE ORDER

1036
00:57:29,734 --> 00:57:33,033
FROM THERE
TO THE U.S. SUPREME COURT.

1037
00:57:37,633 --> 00:57:40,333
Hirschkop:
WELL, HOPE SPRINGS ETERNAL
WITH CIVIL RIGHTS LAWYERS.

1038
00:57:40,333 --> 00:57:42,867
YOU ALWAYS THINK
THERE'S A SUPREME COURT.

1039
00:57:42,867 --> 00:57:44,767
YOU ALWAYS KNOW
THAT THE SUPREME COURT

1040
00:57:44,767 --> 00:57:49,166
TAKES ONE OUT OF 200--
THEN MAYBE ONE OUT
OF 400 CASES.

1041
00:57:49,166 --> 00:57:51,700
THE ODDS OF GETTING A REVIEW
IN THE SUPREME COURT

1042
00:57:51,700 --> 00:57:55,066
IN ANY CASE ON ANY DAY
IS VERY SLIM.

1043
00:57:58,166 --> 00:58:01,567
Cohen:
MAYBE WE WERE NAIVE,
BUT WE WERE CERTAIN

1044
00:58:01,567 --> 00:58:03,233
THE COURT WOULD HEAR
THE CASE.

1045
00:58:03,233 --> 00:58:07,934
"BROWN V.
BOARD OF EDUCATION"
HAD ALREADY BEEN DECIDED.

1046
00:58:13,767 --> 00:58:16,667
Hirschkop:
WHEN THE SUPREME COURT
GRANTED REVIEW,

1047
00:58:16,667 --> 00:58:20,367
WE THEN WERE FACED
WITH A REALLY MAJOR BRIEF.

1048
00:58:21,900 --> 00:58:24,333
I WAS ONLY OUT OF LAW SCHOOL
A LITTLE OVER TWO YEARS,

1049
00:58:24,333 --> 00:58:27,867
SO I WASN'T
QUALIFIED TO BE ADMITTED
TO THE SUPREME COURT.

1050
00:58:27,867 --> 00:58:29,467
SO ANYTHING I DID
WITH THE SUPREME COURT

1051
00:58:29,467 --> 00:58:31,200
I HAD TO GET
BERNIE COHEN TO SIGN

1052
00:58:31,200 --> 00:58:34,233
BECAUSE HE WAS
OUT OF LAW SCHOOL
MORE THAN THREE YEARS.

1053
00:58:35,734 --> 00:58:39,533
SO WE SPENT
EXTENSIVE TIME WRITING

1054
00:58:39,533 --> 00:58:41,700
WHAT WOULD BE
THE BEST POSSIBLE BRIEF

1055
00:58:41,700 --> 00:58:44,033
AND CALLED UPON ANYONE
WHO WAS WILLING TO HELP.

1056
00:58:44,033 --> 00:58:45,633
WE WOULD PINCH OURSELVES

1057
00:58:45,633 --> 00:58:48,567
AND SAY, "DO WE REALIZE
WHAT WE'RE DOING?

1058
00:58:48,567 --> 00:58:53,467
WE'RE HANDLING
ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT
CONSTITUTIONAL LAW CASES

1059
00:58:53,467 --> 00:58:55,600
EVER TO COME
BEFORE THE COURT."

1060
00:58:59,066 --> 00:59:01,633
Hirschkop:
BERNIE COHEN AND I
WENT TO NEW YORK

1061
00:59:01,633 --> 00:59:04,934
TO MEET WITH THE LAWYERS
AND BE SCHOOLED.

1062
00:59:04,934 --> 00:59:09,166
I WENT TO NEW YORK FIRST
TO MEET ABOUT WHO WOULD
ARGUE THE CASE.

1063
00:59:09,166 --> 00:59:11,066
WHEN YOU GET UP
TO THE BIG COURT,

1064
00:59:11,066 --> 00:59:14,266
YOU HAD TO DEAL
WITH THE NATIONAL AMERICAN
CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION,

1065
00:59:14,266 --> 00:59:17,400
AND MEL WOLF
WAS THE LEGAL DIRECTOR
FOR MANY YEARS.

1066
00:59:17,400 --> 00:59:18,800
I WENT OVER IT WITH HIM.

1067
00:59:18,800 --> 00:59:21,000
I HAD ARGUED
IN FEDERAL COURT BELOW.

1068
00:59:21,000 --> 00:59:23,767
I HAD ARGUED IN THE VIRGINIA
SUPREME COURT.

1069
00:59:23,767 --> 00:59:26,300
IF ANYTHING'S INHERENT
IN THE DEMOCRATIC PROCESS,

1070
00:59:26,300 --> 00:59:27,834
IT'S THE FREEDOM
OF THE INDIVIDUAL,

1071
00:59:27,834 --> 00:59:29,367
NOT THE FREEDOM
OF THE STATE.

1072
00:59:29,367 --> 00:59:32,066
YOU COULD HAVE A DEMOCRACY
WITHOUT FEDERALISM.

1073
00:59:32,066 --> 00:59:34,700
THE PROBLEM WAS HE DIDN'T
WANT BERNIE TO ARGUE.

1074
00:59:34,700 --> 00:59:36,800
BERNIE HAD NO EXPERIENCE
IN FEDERAL COURT,

1075
00:59:36,800 --> 00:59:39,000
AND I JUST FELT
IT WASN'T GOING
TO BE THAT WAY.

1076
00:59:39,000 --> 00:59:40,433
I HAD LEARNED
FROM BILL KUNSTLER EARLIER

1077
00:59:40,433 --> 00:59:42,500
THAT WHEN YOU
HAVE A COCOUNSEL,
YOU SHARE WITH HIM.

1078
00:59:44,700 --> 00:59:47,133
Cohen:
WE WOKE UP AT 5:00
OR 6:00 IN THE MORNING,

1079
00:59:47,133 --> 00:59:49,934
OR MAYBE EARLIER
IF WE SLEPT AT ALL.

1080
00:59:49,934 --> 00:59:52,767
MY WIFE, RAE, CAME WITH US.

1081
00:59:54,233 --> 00:59:57,400
MY SECRETARY MARTHA
DROVE THE CAR

1082
00:59:57,400 --> 00:59:58,767
AND WE GAVE HER
THE ASSIGNMENT

1083
00:59:58,767 --> 01:00:01,367
OF FINDING A PARKING LOT
TO PARK THE CAR

1084
01:00:01,367 --> 01:00:03,600
BECAUSE THAT'S
ONE OF THE CHALLENGES

1085
01:00:03,600 --> 01:00:06,800
THAT LAWYERS WHO ARGUED
BEFORE THE SUPREME COURT HAVE--

1086
01:00:06,800 --> 01:00:08,934
A PLACE TO PARK THE CAR.

1087
01:00:10,166 --> 01:00:11,934
IT WAS A WONDERFUL FEELING.

1088
01:00:11,934 --> 01:00:14,867
WE SAID,
"WE'RE HERE AT LAST.

1089
01:00:14,867 --> 01:00:16,800
WE'RE JUST GOING
TO HAVE TO DO OUR BEST.

1090
01:00:16,800 --> 01:00:18,834
WE'VE REHEARSED.
WE'VE STUDIED.

1091
01:00:18,834 --> 01:00:22,767
WE'VE MEMORIZED.
WE UNDERSTOOD THE ISSUES.

1092
01:00:22,767 --> 01:00:26,834
WE UNDERSTOOD THE QUESTIONS
THAT WERE LIKELY TO BE ASKED."

1093
01:00:26,834 --> 01:00:30,300
I MUST'VE BEEN NERVOUS
BECAUSE MY HANDS WERE
SWEATING SO MUCH

1094
01:00:30,300 --> 01:00:33,033
THAT THERE WERE
DRIPS OF PERSPIRATION

1095
01:00:33,033 --> 01:00:37,333
ON THE ROSTRUM FROM WHICH
I ARGUED THE MOTION.

1096
01:00:37,333 --> 01:00:40,667
I FELT SORRY FOR ANYBODY
WHO HAD TO COME UP THERE
AFTER ME.

1097
01:00:40,667 --> 01:00:42,467
THEY WERE GOING
TO GET SOAKED.

1098
01:00:42,467 --> 01:00:45,133
I HAD A MOMENT OF NERVES
AND THEN I PICKED UP
THE QUILL--

1099
01:00:45,133 --> 01:00:47,333
THEY GIVE YOU A QUILL
WHEN YOU ARGUE THE FIRST TIME

1100
01:00:47,333 --> 01:00:49,233
IN THE SUPREME COURT--
AND PLAYED WITH THAT.

1101
01:00:49,233 --> 01:00:52,767
THE FUNNY PART IS
WHEN I STOOD UP TO ARGUE,

1102
01:00:52,767 --> 01:00:55,100
I WAS AS CALM
AS I'VE EVER BEEN
IN MY LIFE.

1103
01:00:55,100 --> 01:00:57,233
IT WAS LIKE SITTING HERE
TALKING TO YOU.

1104
01:00:57,233 --> 01:01:00,233
I JUST FELT I BELONGED
RIGHT THERE.

1105
01:01:00,233 --> 01:01:03,400
I FELT THAT'S WHAT
I HAD TRAINED FOR

1106
01:01:03,400 --> 01:01:06,533
AND I WAS JUST
WHERE I BELONGED
DOING WHAT I SHOULD DO.

1107
01:01:09,166 --> 01:01:12,700
Chief Justice Earl Warren:
NUMBER 395.

1108
01:01:12,700 --> 01:01:18,066
"RICHARD PERRY LOVING
ET UX., APPELLANTS

1109
01:01:18,066 --> 01:01:20,633
V. VIRGINIA."

1110
01:01:20,633 --> 01:01:23,500
Man:
COUNSELS ARE PRESENT.

1111
01:01:23,500 --> 01:01:26,633
Chief Justice Warren:
MR. HIRSCHKOP.

1112
01:01:26,633 --> 01:01:28,767
Cohen:
MR. CHIEF JUSTICE,
MAY IT PLEASE THE COURT,

1113
01:01:28,767 --> 01:01:30,266
I AM BERNARD S. COHEN.

1114
01:01:30,266 --> 01:01:31,767
I WOULD LIKE
TO MOVE THE ADMISSION

1115
01:01:31,767 --> 01:01:34,367
OF MR. PHILLIP J. HIRSCHKOP
PRO HAC VICE,

1116
01:01:34,367 --> 01:01:35,900
MY COCOUNSEL
IN THIS MATTER.

1117
01:01:35,900 --> 01:01:37,867
HE IS A MEMBER
OF THE BAR OF VIRGINIA.

1118
01:01:37,867 --> 01:01:39,934
Chief Justice Warren:
YOUR MOTION IS GRANTED.

1119
01:01:39,934 --> 01:01:42,900
MR. HIRSCHKOP,
YOU MAY PROCEED.

1120
01:01:42,900 --> 01:01:45,133
Hirschkop:
THANK YOU, YOUR HONOR.

1121
01:01:46,467 --> 01:01:47,934
YOU HAVE BEFORE YOU TODAY
WHAT WE CONSIDER

1122
01:01:47,934 --> 01:01:51,934
THE MOST ODIOUS
OF THE SEGREGATION LAWS
AND THE SLAVERY LAWS.

1123
01:01:51,934 --> 01:01:54,767
AND OUR VIEW OF THIS LAW,
WE HOPE TO CLEARLY SHOW,

1124
01:01:54,767 --> 01:01:58,333
IS THAT THIS IS
A SLAVERY LAW.

1125
01:01:58,333 --> 01:02:01,033
THESE LAWS ROB THE NEGRO RACE
OF THEIR DIGNITY.

1126
01:02:01,033 --> 01:02:02,600
THAT'S THE WORST PART
OF THESE LAWS,

1127
01:02:02,600 --> 01:02:04,066
AND THAT'S WHAT
THEY'RE MEANT TO DO--

1128
01:02:04,066 --> 01:02:06,667
TO HOLD THE NEGRO CLASS
IN A LOWER POSITION,

1129
01:02:06,667 --> 01:02:09,000
A LOWER SOCIAL POSITION
AND A LOWER ECONOMIC POSITION.

1130
01:02:09,000 --> 01:02:12,266
WE ASK THAT THE COURT
CONSIDER THE FULL SPECTRUM
OF THESE LAWS

1131
01:02:12,266 --> 01:02:15,400
AND NOT JUST
THE CRIMINALITY,

1132
01:02:15,400 --> 01:02:19,266
BECAUSE IT'S MORE
THAN A CRIMINALITY
THAT'S AT POINT HERE.

1133
01:02:19,266 --> 01:02:21,834
THE LEGITIMACY OF CHILDREN,
THE RIGHT TO INHERIT LAND,

1134
01:02:21,834 --> 01:02:23,600
THE MANY, MANY RIGHTS--

1135
01:02:23,600 --> 01:02:27,967
AND IN REACHING A DECISION,
WE ASK YOU REACH IT
ON THAT BASIS.

1136
01:02:27,967 --> 01:02:29,467
Chief Justice Warren:
MR. COHEN.

1137
01:02:29,467 --> 01:02:33,934
Cohen:
MR. CHIEF JUSTICE,
MAY IT PLEASE THE COURT.

1138
01:02:33,934 --> 01:02:36,967
WHAT IS THE DANGER
TO THE STATE OF VIRGINIA

1139
01:02:36,967 --> 01:02:38,834
OF INTERRACIAL MARRIAGE?

1140
01:02:38,834 --> 01:02:41,333
WHAT IS THE STATE
OF THE DANGER

1141
01:02:41,333 --> 01:02:44,066
TO THE PEOPLE
OF INTERRACIAL MARRIAGE?

1142
01:02:44,066 --> 01:02:48,433
MARRIAGE IS A FUNDAMENTAL
RIGHT OR LIBERTY.

1143
01:02:48,433 --> 01:02:52,734
AND WHETHER WE GO FURTHER
AND URGE THAT THE COURT SAY

1144
01:02:52,734 --> 01:02:54,967
THAT THIS IS A FUNDAMENTAL
RIGHT OR LIBERTY

1145
01:02:54,967 --> 01:02:56,333
RETAINED BY THE PEOPLE

1146
01:02:56,333 --> 01:02:58,367
WITHIN THE MEANING
OF THE 9th AMENDMENT

1147
01:02:58,367 --> 01:03:00,066
AND WITHIN THE MEANING
OF LIBERTY

1148
01:03:00,066 --> 01:03:03,567
AND THE DUE PROCESS CLAUSE
OF THE 14th AMENDMENT.

1149
01:03:03,567 --> 01:03:06,533
Justice Potter Stewart:
SURELY THAT'S--

1150
01:03:06,533 --> 01:03:07,934
THERE'S SOME LIMIT ON THAT.

1151
01:03:07,934 --> 01:03:10,967
I SUPPOSE YOU WOULD AGREE
THAT A STATE COULD FORBID

1152
01:03:10,967 --> 01:03:14,233
A MARRIAGE BETWEEN A BROTHER
AND A SISTER, WOULDN'T YOU?

1153
01:03:16,100 --> 01:03:18,567
Chief Justice Warren:
MR. McILWAINE.

1154
01:03:20,200 --> 01:03:23,333
McIlwaine:
IT IS A MATTER OF RECORD
AGREED TO BY ALL COUNSEL

1155
01:03:23,333 --> 01:03:24,934
DURING THE COURSE
OF THIS LITIGATION

1156
01:03:24,934 --> 01:03:27,500
AND IN THE BRIEF THAT ONE
OF THE APPELLANTS HERE

1157
01:03:27,500 --> 01:03:30,567
IS A WHITE PERSON
WITHIN THE DEFINITION
OF THE VIRGINIA LAW.

1158
01:03:30,567 --> 01:03:32,367
THE OTHER APPELLANT
IS A COLORED PERSON

1159
01:03:32,367 --> 01:03:34,533
WITHIN THE DEFINITION
OF THE VIRGINIA LAW.

1160
01:03:34,533 --> 01:03:36,867
THUS, THE COURT
IS SIMPLY FACED
WITH A PROPOSITION

1161
01:03:36,867 --> 01:03:41,033
OF WHETHER OR NOT
A STATE MAY VALIDLY FORBID

1162
01:03:41,033 --> 01:03:44,300
THE INTERRACIAL MARRIAGE
OF TWO GROUPS,

1163
01:03:44,300 --> 01:03:46,066
THE WHITE
AND THE COLORED,

1164
01:03:46,066 --> 01:03:50,066
IN THE CONTEXT
OF THE PRESENT STATUTE.

1165
01:03:50,066 --> 01:03:53,400
THE STATE HAS A NATURAL
DIRECT AND VITAL INTEREST

1166
01:03:53,400 --> 01:03:56,500
IN MAXIMIZING THE NUMBER
OF SUCCESSFUL MARRIAGES

1167
01:03:56,500 --> 01:04:00,000
WHICH LEAD TO STABLE HOMES
AND FAMILIES

1168
01:04:00,000 --> 01:04:03,934
AND IN MINIMIZING
THOSE WHICH DO NOT.

1169
01:04:03,934 --> 01:04:08,100
IT IS CLEAR
FROM THE MOST RECENT
AVAILABLE EVIDENCE

1170
01:04:08,100 --> 01:04:12,133
ON THE PSYCHOSOCIOLOGICAL
ASPECT OF THIS QUESTION

1171
01:04:12,133 --> 01:04:15,100
THAT INTERMARRIED FAMILIES
ARE SUBJECTED

1172
01:04:15,100 --> 01:04:18,467
TO MUCH GREATER PRESSURES
AND PROBLEMS.

1173
01:04:18,467 --> 01:04:21,400
IT IS NOT INFREQUENT

1174
01:04:21,400 --> 01:04:24,233
THAT THE CHILDREN
OF INTERMARRIED PARENTS

1175
01:04:24,233 --> 01:04:27,700
ARE REFERRED TO
NOT NEARLY AS THE CHILDREN
OF INTERMARRIED PARENTS,

1176
01:04:27,700 --> 01:04:30,233
BUT AS THE VICTIMS
OF INTERMARRIED PARENTS

1177
01:04:30,233 --> 01:04:32,967
AND AS THE MARTYRS
OF INTERMARRIED PARENTS,

1178
01:04:32,967 --> 01:04:35,500
AND THAT THE STATE'S
PROHIBITION

1179
01:04:35,500 --> 01:04:38,133
OF INTERRACIAL MARRIAGE,
FOR THIS REASON,

1180
01:04:38,133 --> 01:04:40,700
STANDS ON THE SAME FOOTING
AS THE PROHIBITION

1181
01:04:40,700 --> 01:04:43,166
OF POLYGAMIST MARRIAGE
OR INCESTUOUS MARRIAGE

1182
01:04:43,166 --> 01:04:46,967
OR THE PROSCRIPTION
OF MINIMUM AGES AT WHICH
PEOPLE MAY MARRY

1183
01:04:46,967 --> 01:04:48,700
AND THE PREVENTION
OF THE MARRIAGE

1184
01:04:48,700 --> 01:04:51,667
OF PEOPLE WHO ARE
MENTALLY INCOMPETENT.

1185
01:04:51,667 --> 01:04:55,300
Chief Justice Warren:
THERE ARE PEOPLE WHO HAVE
THE SAME FEELING

1186
01:04:55,300 --> 01:04:57,934
ABOUT INTERRELIGIOUS
MARRIAGES,

1187
01:04:57,934 --> 01:05:00,400
BUT BECAUSE
THAT MAY BE TRUE,

1188
01:05:00,400 --> 01:05:04,333
WOULD YOU THINK THAT THE STATE
COULD PROHIBIT PEOPLE

1189
01:05:04,333 --> 01:05:07,600
FROM HAVING
INTERRELIGIOUS MARRIAGES?

1190
01:05:07,600 --> 01:05:09,500
McIlwaine:
I THINK THAT
THE EVIDENCE AND SUPPORT

1191
01:05:09,500 --> 01:05:12,100
OF THE PROHIBITION
OF INTERRACIAL MARRIAGES

1192
01:05:12,100 --> 01:05:14,166
IS STRONGER THAN THAT
FOR THE PROHIBITION

1193
01:05:14,166 --> 01:05:15,900
OF INTERRELIGIOUS
MARRIAGES.

1194
01:05:15,900 --> 01:05:18,200
Chief Justice Warren:
HOW CAN YOU SAY THAT?

1195
01:05:18,200 --> 01:05:21,767
IS THAT BECAUSE
YOU BELIEVE THAT?

1196
01:05:21,767 --> 01:05:26,133
MR. McILWAINE, DIDN'T WE HAVE
THE SEGREGATION CASE

1197
01:05:26,133 --> 01:05:29,967
THAT WAS ALSO ARGUED TO US
WHAT WAS SUPPOSED TO BE

1198
01:05:29,967 --> 01:05:32,633
SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE
TO THE EFFECT

1199
01:05:32,633 --> 01:05:35,033
THAT THE WHITES
WOULD BE INJURED

1200
01:05:35,033 --> 01:05:39,567
BY HAVING TO GO TO SCHOOL
WITH THE NEGROES?

1201
01:05:39,567 --> 01:05:41,166
McIlwaine:
YOUR HONOR, I--

1202
01:05:41,166 --> 01:05:43,233
Chief Justice Warren:
ISN'T THAT THE SAME ARGUMENT

1203
01:05:43,233 --> 01:05:45,133
YOU'RE MAKING HERE?

1204
01:05:45,133 --> 01:05:47,600
McIlwaine:
YES, SIR, IT IS.

1205
01:05:49,000 --> 01:05:51,600
I THINK WHAT
THE ATTORNEY GENERAL DID
WAS IMMORAL.

1206
01:05:51,600 --> 01:05:55,166
IN THE WAY THIS CASE
WAS PROSECUTED,

1207
01:05:55,166 --> 01:05:58,867
I THINK THAT THE ARGUMENT
THEY MADE WAS IMMORAL,

1208
01:05:58,867 --> 01:06:02,767
THAT CHILDREN
FROM MIXED MARRIAGES SUFFER,

1209
01:06:02,767 --> 01:06:05,300
BECAUSE THEY KNEW
THE WHOLE PURPOSE

1210
01:06:05,300 --> 01:06:09,100
OF THE STATUTE
WAS TO PRESERVE
RACIAL INTEGRITY.

1211
01:06:09,100 --> 01:06:11,433
AND MR. McILWAINE
HAD AN ALTERNATIVE

1212
01:06:11,433 --> 01:06:14,000
TO SAY, "I CAN'T
ARGUE THIS CASE.

1213
01:06:14,000 --> 01:06:19,433
I BELIEVE IT IS IMPROPER,
IMMORAL, NOT ACCURATE."

1214
01:06:19,433 --> 01:06:21,734
HE PRESENTED
A FALSE ARGUMENT

1215
01:06:21,734 --> 01:06:24,200
TO THE UNITED STATES
SUPREME COURT

1216
01:06:24,200 --> 01:06:29,000
OF THIS IS REALLY
TO PRESERVE THE RIGHTS
OF SOME YOUNG CHILDREN,

1217
01:06:29,000 --> 01:06:32,567
KNOWING THAT IS NOT
WHAT THE STATUTE WAS ABOUT.

1218
01:06:35,333 --> 01:06:37,800
Chief Justice Warren:
MR. COHEN.

1219
01:06:37,800 --> 01:06:41,166
Cohen:
THAT IS THE RIGHT
OF RICHARD AND MILDRED LOVING

1220
01:06:41,166 --> 01:06:44,667
TO WAKE UP IN THE MORNING
OR TO GO TO SLEEP AT NIGHT

1221
01:06:44,667 --> 01:06:47,133
KNOWING THAT THE SHERIFF
WILL NOT BE KNOCKING
ON THEIR DOOR

1222
01:06:47,133 --> 01:06:49,800
OR SHINING A LIGHT
IN THEIR FACE

1223
01:06:49,800 --> 01:06:52,266
IN THE PRIVACY
OF THEIR BEDROOM

1224
01:06:52,266 --> 01:06:55,200
FOR ILLICIT COHABITATION.

1225
01:06:56,333 --> 01:06:58,800
THE LOVINGS HAVE THE RIGHT
TO GO TO SLEEP AT NIGHT

1226
01:06:58,800 --> 01:07:01,867
KNOWING THAT SHOULD THEY NOT
AWAKE IN THE MORNING,

1227
01:07:01,867 --> 01:07:03,400
THEIR CHILDREN
WOULD HAVE THE RIGHT

1228
01:07:03,400 --> 01:07:06,200
TO INHERIT FROM THEM
UNDER INTESTACY.

1229
01:07:06,200 --> 01:07:09,367
THEY HAVE THE RIGHT
TO BE SECURE IN KNOWING

1230
01:07:09,367 --> 01:07:11,900
THAT IF THEY GO TO SLEEP
AND DO NOT WAKE IN THE MORNING,

1231
01:07:11,900 --> 01:07:14,000
THAT ONE OF THEM,
A SURVIVOR OF THEM,

1232
01:07:14,000 --> 01:07:16,433
HAS THE RIGHT
TO SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS.

1233
01:07:16,433 --> 01:07:19,333
ALL OF THESE
ARE DENIED TO THEM.

1234
01:07:26,567 --> 01:07:29,400
NO ONE CAN ARTICULATE IT
BETTER THAN RICHARD LOVING

1235
01:07:29,400 --> 01:07:31,667
WHEN HE SAID TO ME,
"MR. COHEN,

1236
01:07:31,667 --> 01:07:34,033
TELL THE COURT
I LOVE MY WIFE

1237
01:07:34,033 --> 01:07:36,834
AND IT IS JUST UNFAIR

1238
01:07:36,834 --> 01:07:39,633
THAT I CAN'T LIVE
WITH HER IN VIRGINIA."

1239
01:07:44,533 --> 01:07:49,433
MY RECOLLECTION
OF THAT DAY IS TWOFOLD--

1240
01:07:49,433 --> 01:07:53,533
STANDING UP AND LOOKING
AT CHIEF JUSTICE WARREN

1241
01:07:53,533 --> 01:07:56,066
AND JUSTICE BLACK
AND JUSTICE HARLAN

1242
01:07:56,066 --> 01:07:59,133
AND JUSTICE DOUGLAS
AND THE OTHER JUSTICES,

1243
01:07:59,133 --> 01:08:03,400
AND I THOUGHT I SAW
THE FACE OF GOD.

1244
01:08:03,400 --> 01:08:07,567
YOU KNOW,
IN A LEGAL CAREER
OF 45 YEARS,

1245
01:08:07,567 --> 01:08:09,433
IT'S THE HEIGHT
OF THE CAREER

1246
01:08:09,433 --> 01:08:11,934
TO STAND BEFORE THESE PEOPLE
WHO ARE GIANTS.

1247
01:08:11,934 --> 01:08:14,700
THEY CHANGE
OUR SOCIETY ENORMOUSLY.

1248
01:08:14,700 --> 01:08:18,767
AND THEN AFTERWARDS,
A HUG FROM MY FATHER

1249
01:08:18,767 --> 01:08:20,533
ON THE STEPS
OF THE SUPREME COURT.

1250
01:08:20,533 --> 01:08:23,600
WE CERTAINLY INVITED
THE LOVINGS

1251
01:08:23,600 --> 01:08:26,433
TO COME TO HEAR
THE ARGUMENT.

1252
01:08:26,433 --> 01:08:28,300
SHE WOULD NOT GO ALONE

1253
01:08:28,300 --> 01:08:33,300
AND RICHARD
WASN'T GOING TO GO
UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCE.

1254
01:08:33,300 --> 01:08:35,400
WHEN RICHARD
TURNED US DOWN,

1255
01:08:35,400 --> 01:08:37,133
I ASKED HIM
IF THERE WAS ANYTHING

1256
01:08:37,133 --> 01:08:39,433
HE WANTED ME TO SAY
TO THE COURT.

1257
01:08:39,433 --> 01:08:41,867
AND HE PAUSED
FOR A MOMENT AND SAID,

1258
01:08:41,867 --> 01:08:45,000
"JUST TELL THE COURT
I LOVE MY WIFE."

1259
01:08:52,000 --> 01:08:54,800
THEY TOLD US WE COULD
COME TO THE SUPREME COURT
IF WE WANTED TO,

1260
01:08:54,800 --> 01:08:56,834
BUT I SAID I WOULDN'T
UNDERSTAND IT,

1261
01:08:56,834 --> 01:08:59,300
IT WAS JUST UP TO US
IF WE WANT TO COME,

1262
01:08:59,300 --> 01:09:01,300
SO WE DIDN'T EVEN GO.

1263
01:09:01,300 --> 01:09:03,700
I DIDN'T WANT TO GO.

1264
01:09:03,700 --> 01:09:05,934
I'M NERVOUS ENOUGH NOW.

1265
01:09:07,700 --> 01:09:10,333
SOMEONE BURNED A CROSS
AT MY MOTHER'S HOUSE.

1266
01:09:10,333 --> 01:09:13,734
I DON'T KNOW IF THAT
WAS TO DO WITH US
OR WHAT HAPPENED.

1267
01:09:13,734 --> 01:09:16,400
IT WAS JUST A PRANK,
I GUESS.

1268
01:09:16,400 --> 01:09:20,266
Ryden:
DO YOU THINK THAT THIS
BRINGS YOU CLOSER TOGETHER?

1269
01:09:20,266 --> 01:09:23,500
YES, I DO, I THINK.

1270
01:09:24,734 --> 01:09:27,100
I GUESS.

1271
01:09:29,233 --> 01:09:32,433
- YOU?
- YEAH, I THINK SO.

1272
01:09:41,867 --> 01:09:44,967
( music playing )

1273
01:09:44,967 --> 01:09:50,734
♪ O LORD,
I'M IN YOUR CARE... ♪

1274
01:09:50,734 --> 01:09:54,100
Cohen:
THE SUPREME COURT DECISION
WOULD TAKE ANYWHERE

1275
01:09:54,100 --> 01:09:58,767
FROM 60 TO 90
TO 120 DAYS.

1276
01:09:58,767 --> 01:10:01,300
♪ EVIL CANNOT HARM ME ♪

1277
01:10:01,300 --> 01:10:03,000
♪ O LORD... ♪

1278
01:10:03,000 --> 01:10:04,467
Hirschkop:
WE PURPOSEFULLY TRIED

1279
01:10:04,467 --> 01:10:07,266
TO KEEP THE COVERAGE
OF THE CASE VERY LOW.

1280
01:10:07,266 --> 01:10:10,033
THE LOVINGS DID NOT
WANT PUBLICITY.

1281
01:10:10,033 --> 01:10:12,567
THEY WERE LIVING
BACK IN VIRGINIA,

1282
01:10:12,567 --> 01:10:14,867
BUT THEY FELT
THERE MIGHT BE SOME DANGER

1283
01:10:14,867 --> 01:10:18,934
BECAUSE THERE WAS
A LOT OF STRONG EMOTION
ABOUT MIXED MARRIAGES.

1284
01:10:24,934 --> 01:10:29,800
♪ ALL DAY LONG
I'M IN YOUR CARE ♪

1285
01:10:29,800 --> 01:10:31,967
♪ ALL DAY LONG... ♪

1286
01:10:31,967 --> 01:10:34,100
Hirschkop:
I GOT A CALL

1287
01:10:34,100 --> 01:10:36,900
THAT RULING WOULD BE
THE NEXT DAY.

1288
01:10:52,633 --> 01:10:55,633
Chet Huntley:
CHET HUNTLEY,
NBC NEWS NEW YORK.

1289
01:10:55,633 --> 01:10:58,834
David Brinkley:
AND DAVID BRINKLEY,
NBC NEWS WASHINGTON.

1290
01:10:58,834 --> 01:11:00,667
THE SUPREME COURT
HELD TODAY

1291
01:11:00,667 --> 01:11:03,400
THAT MARRIAGES OF WHITES
AND NEGROES ARE LEGAL

1292
01:11:03,400 --> 01:11:05,567
AND THAT NO STATE
MAY STOP THEM.

1293
01:11:05,567 --> 01:11:07,133
THE DECISION
WAS UNANIMOUS

1294
01:11:07,133 --> 01:11:09,400
AND CHIEF JUSTICE WARREN
WROTE IT.

1295
01:11:09,400 --> 01:11:12,000
THE CASE WAS BROUGHT
BY A WHITE MAN FROM VIRGINIA,

1296
01:11:12,000 --> 01:11:13,433
A CONSTRUCTION WORKER,

1297
01:11:13,433 --> 01:11:17,266
AND HIS WIFE,
WHO IS PART NEGRO
AND PART INDIAN.

1298
01:11:17,266 --> 01:11:20,633
AT ISSUE WAS
AN ANTIMISCEGENATION
LAW IN VIRGINIA.

1299
01:11:20,633 --> 01:11:24,633
AT ONE TIME,
41 STATES FORBADE
INTERRACIAL MARRIAGE.

1300
01:11:24,633 --> 01:11:28,200
IN MORE RECENT YEARS,
ALL BUT 16 HAVE REPEALED
THESE LAWS.

1301
01:11:28,200 --> 01:11:30,500
NOW THEY WILL ALL
HAVE TO GO.

1302
01:11:30,500 --> 01:11:31,900
CHET.

1303
01:11:31,900 --> 01:11:33,567
Huntley:
PRIME MINISTER...

1304
01:11:33,567 --> 01:11:36,000
WE WERE ELATED.
WE JUMPED UP AND DOWN.

1305
01:11:36,000 --> 01:11:39,667
WE HUGGED EACH OTHER
AND HUGGED EVERYBODY
IN SIGHT.

1306
01:11:39,667 --> 01:11:42,867
AND WE HAD TO LET
THE LOVINGS KNOW.

1307
01:11:42,867 --> 01:11:45,800
I RECALL THEY GOT
ON THE PHONE WITH US

1308
01:11:45,800 --> 01:11:48,767
AND WE CONGRATULATED THEM

1309
01:11:48,767 --> 01:11:52,166
AND THEY SAID "THANK YOU."

1310
01:11:52,166 --> 01:11:55,333
( music playing )

1311
01:11:56,300 --> 01:12:00,133
♪ IT'S A SLOW ♪

1312
01:12:00,133 --> 01:12:04,433
♪ SLOW TRAIN ♪

1313
01:12:06,000 --> 01:12:11,934
♪ BUT IT'S MOVING ON ♪

1314
01:12:15,033 --> 01:12:18,834
♪ I'VE GOT MY TICKET ♪

1315
01:12:18,834 --> 01:12:23,467
♪ DON'T, DON'T PASS ME BY ♪

1316
01:12:24,567 --> 01:12:27,066
♪ IF I DON'T GET ON ♪

1317
01:12:27,066 --> 01:12:32,433
♪ OOH, I'D BREAK
RIGHT DOWN AND CRY ♪

1318
01:12:34,633 --> 01:12:37,667
♪ I'VE ONLY GOT ONE LIFE ♪

1319
01:12:37,667 --> 01:12:41,867
♪ TO LIVE ON THIS EARTH ♪

1320
01:12:41,867 --> 01:12:44,934
♪ WHOA, GET ME THERE ♪

1321
01:12:44,934 --> 01:12:47,633
♪ WON'T YOU PLEASE ♪

1322
01:12:47,633 --> 01:12:53,500
♪ CONDUCTOR SIR? ♪

1323
01:12:55,166 --> 01:12:59,200
♪ IT'S A SLOW ♪

1324
01:12:59,200 --> 01:13:03,567
♪ SLOW TRAIN ♪

1325
01:13:05,133 --> 01:13:10,834
♪ BUT IT'S MOVING ON ♪

1326
01:13:14,200 --> 01:13:18,166
♪ NOW EVERYBODY
GETS A TICKET ♪

1327
01:13:18,166 --> 01:13:21,834
♪ YOU, YOU AND ME ♪

1328
01:13:24,133 --> 01:13:27,600
♪ IT'S UP TO YOU
TO CATCH A RIDE ♪

1329
01:13:27,600 --> 01:13:32,000
♪ THAT'S HOW
IT'S GOTTA BE ♪

1330
01:13:34,200 --> 01:13:37,333
♪ EVERYONE BORN, YEAH ♪

1331
01:13:37,333 --> 01:13:41,834
♪ HAS TO PROVE HE'S A MAN ♪

1332
01:13:41,834 --> 01:13:47,100
♪ MAKE IT EASY
ON YOURSELF ♪

1333
01:13:47,100 --> 01:13:52,633
♪ FOR THERE'S
NO HELPING HAND ♪

1334
01:13:55,066 --> 01:13:59,266
♪ IT'S A SLOW ♪

1335
01:13:59,266 --> 01:14:03,500
♪ SLOW TRAIN ♪

1336
01:14:05,233 --> 01:14:10,633
♪ BUT IT'S MOVING ON ♪

1337
01:14:12,667 --> 01:14:16,767
♪ IT'S A SLOW ♪

1338
01:14:16,767 --> 01:14:21,100
♪ SLOW TRAIN ♪

1339
01:14:22,667 --> 01:14:28,934
♪ BUT IT'S MOVING ON. ♪

1340
01:14:35,100 --> 01:14:38,266
( music playing )